Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services

Background: Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is an effective multimodal psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, there is limited evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of DBT in Italian outpatient public mental health service...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mauro Scala, Sara Longobardi, Biancamaria Bortolotti, Sara Gibiino, Francesca Martino, Loredana Lia, Marco Menchetti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Messina 2024-12-01
Series:Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://cab.unime.it/journals/index.php/MJCP/article/view/4353
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849722281743351808
author Mauro Scala
Sara Longobardi
Biancamaria Bortolotti
Sara Gibiino
Francesca Martino
Loredana Lia
Marco Menchetti
author_facet Mauro Scala
Sara Longobardi
Biancamaria Bortolotti
Sara Gibiino
Francesca Martino
Loredana Lia
Marco Menchetti
author_sort Mauro Scala
collection DOAJ
description Background: Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is an effective multimodal psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, there is limited evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of DBT in Italian outpatient public mental health services. Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal observational study presents preliminary data on the feasibility (assessed through patient enrollment compared to initial referrals, dropout, and participation rates) of a one-year standard DBT program implemented in three Community Mental Health Centers in Bologna, Italy, from 2013 to 2020. An additional outcome includes exploring the effectiveness of this intervention, evaluated by comparing the incidence of non-suicidal self-harm behaviors, unplanned outpatient visits, emergency department (AE) admissions, and hospitalizations (frequency and duration) in the year before and after the DBT program. Participants were outpatients aged 18–45 years who met DSM-5 criteria for BPD. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, unpaired and paired t-test, Chi-square tests, logistic regression, and McNemar's test. Results: Of 132 initial referrals, 51 outpatients were enrolled in the standard DBT program, and 37 completed it. The enrollment gap was primarily due to low motivation, negative attitudes toward psychotherapy, and scheduling conflicts with personal, work, or study commitments. High participation among completers (72.5%) and low dropout rate (27.5%) indicate good feasibility of standard DBT. Dropouts were significantly older than completers (35.4 ± 8.2 vs. 29.8 ± 8.0; p = 0.032), with age emerging as a significant predictor of dropout (OR = 1.15; p = 0.039). Regarding effectiveness, significant reductions in self-harm behaviors, unscheduled outpatient visits, and hospitalizations are consistent with prior research findings. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that standard DBT may be a feasible treatment for outpatient mental health services as part of a stepped-care approach. Furthermore, this study supports the effectiveness of DBT while providing valuable insights into its real-world applicability.
format Article
id doaj-art-2b9e567802ee408887f4f6d1ed442182
institution DOAJ
issn 2282-1619
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher University of Messina
record_format Article
series Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
spelling doaj-art-2b9e567802ee408887f4f6d1ed4421822025-08-20T03:11:22ZengUniversity of MessinaMediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology2282-16192024-12-0112310.13129/2282-1619/mjcp-43533703Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient servicesMauro Scala0Sara Longobardi1Biancamaria Bortolotti2Sara Gibiino3Francesca Martino4Loredana Lia5Marco Menchetti6<div class="page" title="Page 3"> <div class="section"> <div class="layoutArea"> <div class="column"> <p>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Italy; Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid; Psychiatry Department, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, (imas 12), Madrid</p> </div> </div> </div> </div><p class="CorpoA">Department of Mental Health–Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of Bologna</p>Department of Mental Health–Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of Bologna<p class="CorpoA">Department of Mental Health–Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of Bologna</p>Department of Mental Health–Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of BolognaDepartment of Mental Health–Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of BolognaDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of BolognaBackground: Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is an effective multimodal psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, there is limited evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of DBT in Italian outpatient public mental health services. Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal observational study presents preliminary data on the feasibility (assessed through patient enrollment compared to initial referrals, dropout, and participation rates) of a one-year standard DBT program implemented in three Community Mental Health Centers in Bologna, Italy, from 2013 to 2020. An additional outcome includes exploring the effectiveness of this intervention, evaluated by comparing the incidence of non-suicidal self-harm behaviors, unplanned outpatient visits, emergency department (AE) admissions, and hospitalizations (frequency and duration) in the year before and after the DBT program. Participants were outpatients aged 18–45 years who met DSM-5 criteria for BPD. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, unpaired and paired t-test, Chi-square tests, logistic regression, and McNemar's test. Results: Of 132 initial referrals, 51 outpatients were enrolled in the standard DBT program, and 37 completed it. The enrollment gap was primarily due to low motivation, negative attitudes toward psychotherapy, and scheduling conflicts with personal, work, or study commitments. High participation among completers (72.5%) and low dropout rate (27.5%) indicate good feasibility of standard DBT. Dropouts were significantly older than completers (35.4 ± 8.2 vs. 29.8 ± 8.0; p = 0.032), with age emerging as a significant predictor of dropout (OR = 1.15; p = 0.039). Regarding effectiveness, significant reductions in self-harm behaviors, unscheduled outpatient visits, and hospitalizations are consistent with prior research findings. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that standard DBT may be a feasible treatment for outpatient mental health services as part of a stepped-care approach. Furthermore, this study supports the effectiveness of DBT while providing valuable insights into its real-world applicability.https://cab.unime.it/journals/index.php/MJCP/article/view/4353borderline personality disorder (bpd)clinical psychologydialectical behavioral therapy (dbt)feasibilityoutpatients mental health services.
spellingShingle Mauro Scala
Sara Longobardi
Biancamaria Bortolotti
Sara Gibiino
Francesca Martino
Loredana Lia
Marco Menchetti
Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services
Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
borderline personality disorder (bpd)
clinical psychology
dialectical behavioral therapy (dbt)
feasibility
outpatients mental health services.
title Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services
title_full Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services
title_fullStr Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services
title_full_unstemmed Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services
title_short Feasibility of standard Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: a real-world study in Italian outpatient services
title_sort feasibility of standard dialectical behavioral therapy for borderline personality disorder a real world study in italian outpatient services
topic borderline personality disorder (bpd)
clinical psychology
dialectical behavioral therapy (dbt)
feasibility
outpatients mental health services.
url https://cab.unime.it/journals/index.php/MJCP/article/view/4353
work_keys_str_mv AT mauroscala feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices
AT saralongobardi feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices
AT biancamariabortolotti feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices
AT saragibiino feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices
AT francescamartino feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices
AT loredanalia feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices
AT marcomenchetti feasibilityofstandarddialecticalbehavioraltherapyforborderlinepersonalitydisorderarealworldstudyinitalianoutpatientservices