Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China
IntroductionSteroid hormones are widely present in the environment and pose potential risks to organisms. Previous studies of steroid hormones have predominantly focused on terrestrial environments, with few studies conducted in marine environments.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed the occurrence of...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1546186/full |
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| author | Xing Zhao Xing Zhao Yunlin Jiang Hanqiang Deng Yao Lu Suimin Li Yuxia Jiang Kaifeng Sun |
| author_facet | Xing Zhao Xing Zhao Yunlin Jiang Hanqiang Deng Yao Lu Suimin Li Yuxia Jiang Kaifeng Sun |
| author_sort | Xing Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionSteroid hormones are widely present in the environment and pose potential risks to organisms. Previous studies of steroid hormones have predominantly focused on terrestrial environments, with few studies conducted in marine environments.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed the occurrence of 44 steroid hormones in seawater, sediment, and marine organisms collected from the coast of Guangdong, China.ResultsTotal concentration of steroid hormones ranged from 0.11 to 30.15 ng/L in seawater, ND to 8.58 ng/g (dw) in sediments, and ND to 80.52 ng/g (ww) in organisms. The highest average concentrations of steroid hormones detected in seawater, sediments, and marine organisms were progestins, estrogens, and glucocorticoids, respectively. Steroid hormone concentrations in seawater were significantly higher during the dry season than the rainy season. The concentrations of steroid hormones in Guanghai Bay, the Pearl River Estuary, Daya Bay, and Zhelin Bay were significantly higher than those in other bays.DiscussionNegative correlations were observed between steroid hormones and salinity, indicating a potential continental input. Risk assessment results indicated that 17α-ethinylestradiol in Zhelin Bay posed high risks. Nevertheless, the consumption of seafood does not pose a significant health risk to humans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to concurrently analyze androgens, glucocorticoids, progestins, and estrogens in water, sediment, and organisms from diverse marine environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b7665e39619411eb8c1983607ed01f4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b7665e39619411eb8c1983607ed01f42025-02-03T05:11:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452025-02-011210.3389/fmars.2025.15461861546186Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, ChinaXing Zhao0Xing Zhao1Yunlin Jiang2Hanqiang Deng3Yao Lu4Suimin Li5Yuxia Jiang6Kaifeng Sun7State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Earth Sciences, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Earth Sciences, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, ChinaIntroductionSteroid hormones are widely present in the environment and pose potential risks to organisms. Previous studies of steroid hormones have predominantly focused on terrestrial environments, with few studies conducted in marine environments.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed the occurrence of 44 steroid hormones in seawater, sediment, and marine organisms collected from the coast of Guangdong, China.ResultsTotal concentration of steroid hormones ranged from 0.11 to 30.15 ng/L in seawater, ND to 8.58 ng/g (dw) in sediments, and ND to 80.52 ng/g (ww) in organisms. The highest average concentrations of steroid hormones detected in seawater, sediments, and marine organisms were progestins, estrogens, and glucocorticoids, respectively. Steroid hormone concentrations in seawater were significantly higher during the dry season than the rainy season. The concentrations of steroid hormones in Guanghai Bay, the Pearl River Estuary, Daya Bay, and Zhelin Bay were significantly higher than those in other bays.DiscussionNegative correlations were observed between steroid hormones and salinity, indicating a potential continental input. Risk assessment results indicated that 17α-ethinylestradiol in Zhelin Bay posed high risks. Nevertheless, the consumption of seafood does not pose a significant health risk to humans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to concurrently analyze androgens, glucocorticoids, progestins, and estrogens in water, sediment, and organisms from diverse marine environments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1546186/fullsteroid hormonesrisk assessmentspatial distributionbioaccumulationcoastal areas |
| spellingShingle | Xing Zhao Xing Zhao Yunlin Jiang Hanqiang Deng Yao Lu Suimin Li Yuxia Jiang Kaifeng Sun Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China Frontiers in Marine Science steroid hormones risk assessment spatial distribution bioaccumulation coastal areas |
| title | Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China |
| title_full | Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China |
| title_fullStr | Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China |
| title_short | Spatiotemporal occurrence, distribution, and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of Guangdong, China |
| title_sort | spatiotemporal occurrence distribution and risk of steroid hormones along the coast of guangdong china |
| topic | steroid hormones risk assessment spatial distribution bioaccumulation coastal areas |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1546186/full |
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