Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the TB-causing bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is considered a public health problem with enormous social impact. Disease progression is determined mainly by the balance between the microorganism and the host defense systems. Alt...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/639107 |
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| author | Marcos Vinicius da Silva Monique Gomes Salles Tiburcio Juliana Reis Machado Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues Virmondes Rodrigues Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira |
| author_facet | Marcos Vinicius da Silva Monique Gomes Salles Tiburcio Juliana Reis Machado Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues Virmondes Rodrigues Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira |
| author_sort | Marcos Vinicius da Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the TB-causing bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is considered a public health problem with enormous social impact. Disease progression is determined mainly by the balance between the microorganism and the host defense systems. Although the immune system controls the infection, this control does not necessarily lead to sterilization. Over recent decades, the patterns of CD4+ T cell responses have been studied with a goal of complete understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in the maintenance of latent or active tuberculosis infection and of the clinical cure after treatment. Conflicting results have been suggested over the years, particularly in studies comparing experimental models and human disease. In recent years, in addition to Th1, Th2, and Th17 profiles, new standards of cellular immune responses, such as Th9, Th22, and IFN-γ-IL-10 double-producing Th cells, discussed here, have also been described. Additionally, many new roles and cellular sources have been described for IL-10, demonstrating a critical role for this cytokine as regulatory, rather than merely pathogenic cytokine, involved in the establishment of chronic latent infection, in the clinical cure after treatment and in keeping antibacillary effector mechanisms active to prevent immune-mediated damage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b6f668a793a4305903527890b81e698 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b6f668a793a4305903527890b81e6982025-02-03T06:08:28ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562015-01-01201510.1155/2015/639107639107Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in TuberculosisMarcos Vinicius da Silva0Monique Gomes Salles Tiburcio1Juliana Reis Machado2Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva3Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues4Virmondes Rodrigues5Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira6Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, BrazilTuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the TB-causing bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is considered a public health problem with enormous social impact. Disease progression is determined mainly by the balance between the microorganism and the host defense systems. Although the immune system controls the infection, this control does not necessarily lead to sterilization. Over recent decades, the patterns of CD4+ T cell responses have been studied with a goal of complete understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in the maintenance of latent or active tuberculosis infection and of the clinical cure after treatment. Conflicting results have been suggested over the years, particularly in studies comparing experimental models and human disease. In recent years, in addition to Th1, Th2, and Th17 profiles, new standards of cellular immune responses, such as Th9, Th22, and IFN-γ-IL-10 double-producing Th cells, discussed here, have also been described. Additionally, many new roles and cellular sources have been described for IL-10, demonstrating a critical role for this cytokine as regulatory, rather than merely pathogenic cytokine, involved in the establishment of chronic latent infection, in the clinical cure after treatment and in keeping antibacillary effector mechanisms active to prevent immune-mediated damage.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/639107 |
| spellingShingle | Marcos Vinicius da Silva Monique Gomes Salles Tiburcio Juliana Reis Machado Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues Virmondes Rodrigues Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis |
| title_full | Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis |
| title_short | Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis |
| title_sort | complexity and controversies over the cytokine profiles of t helper cell subpopulations in tuberculosis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/639107 |
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