Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol
Abstract Mice (Mus musculus) are one of the most commonly used animal species in basic science and translational research worldwide. Ovariectomy and hysterectomy are frequently employed to explore the systemic effects of the sex-hormone axis and other pathological conditions. While several surgical...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| author | Peyton L. Nisson Takuma Maeda Hiroki Uchikawa Oscar Cisneros Michael T. Lawton Tomoki Hashimoto |
| author_facet | Peyton L. Nisson Takuma Maeda Hiroki Uchikawa Oscar Cisneros Michael T. Lawton Tomoki Hashimoto |
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| description | Abstract Mice (Mus musculus) are one of the most commonly used animal species in basic science and translational research worldwide. Ovariectomy and hysterectomy are frequently employed to explore the systemic effects of the sex-hormone axis and other pathological conditions. While several surgical protocols exist for dorsal ovariectomy in rodents, very few address a ventral midline technique, and none are specific to the mouse model. Historically, ventral midline approaches have been considered technically challenging due to unique anatomical features, including long, thin uterine horns, fragile salpinges, short ovarian suspensory ligaments, and small animal size. This protocol provides a detailed guide for performing ovariectomy, hysterectomy, or ovariohysterectomy in mice, including the microsurgical steps required. All procedures were performed using an operative stereomicroscope under 3-5x magnification. The mean weight of the mice was 24 g (SD = 2 g), with ages ranging from 19 to 21 weeks. Of the 255 surgeries performed, 3 post-operative deaths occurred, resulting in an attrition rate of 1.18%. Post-operatively, all mice were housed in groups with fresh, paddy husk bedding, and no infections or wound breakdown were observed. Despite their small size and the manipulation of several vital anatomical structures, this procedure is easily reproducible and well-tolerated in mice. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2b652646fc794a79b0b9e40eb0b9b4122025-08-20T02:01:30ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-85203-yVentral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical ProtocolPeyton L. Nisson0Takuma Maeda1Hiroki Uchikawa2Oscar Cisneros3Michael T. Lawton4Tomoki Hashimoto5Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars Sinai Medical CenterDepartments of Neurosurgery, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, and Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological InstituteDepartments of Neurosurgery, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, and Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological InstituteDepartments of Neurosurgery, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, and Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological InstituteDepartments of Neurosurgery, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, and Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological InstituteDepartments of Neurosurgery, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, and Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological InstituteAbstract Mice (Mus musculus) are one of the most commonly used animal species in basic science and translational research worldwide. Ovariectomy and hysterectomy are frequently employed to explore the systemic effects of the sex-hormone axis and other pathological conditions. While several surgical protocols exist for dorsal ovariectomy in rodents, very few address a ventral midline technique, and none are specific to the mouse model. Historically, ventral midline approaches have been considered technically challenging due to unique anatomical features, including long, thin uterine horns, fragile salpinges, short ovarian suspensory ligaments, and small animal size. This protocol provides a detailed guide for performing ovariectomy, hysterectomy, or ovariohysterectomy in mice, including the microsurgical steps required. All procedures were performed using an operative stereomicroscope under 3-5x magnification. The mean weight of the mice was 24 g (SD = 2 g), with ages ranging from 19 to 21 weeks. Of the 255 surgeries performed, 3 post-operative deaths occurred, resulting in an attrition rate of 1.18%. Post-operatively, all mice were housed in groups with fresh, paddy husk bedding, and no infections or wound breakdown were observed. Despite their small size and the manipulation of several vital anatomical structures, this procedure is easily reproducible and well-tolerated in mice.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85203-yOvariectomyOvariohysterectomyHysterectomyProtocolVentralMidline |
| spellingShingle | Peyton L. Nisson Takuma Maeda Hiroki Uchikawa Oscar Cisneros Michael T. Lawton Tomoki Hashimoto Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol Scientific Reports Ovariectomy Ovariohysterectomy Hysterectomy Protocol Ventral Midline |
| title | Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol |
| title_full | Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol |
| title_fullStr | Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol |
| title_short | Ventral Midline Hysterectomy, Ovariectomy, and Ovariohysterectomy in Mus Musculus: A Surgical Protocol |
| title_sort | ventral midline hysterectomy ovariectomy and ovariohysterectomy in mus musculus a surgical protocol |
| topic | Ovariectomy Ovariohysterectomy Hysterectomy Protocol Ventral Midline |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85203-y |
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