Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos
<p>This study investigates the effects of a two-way wave–circulation coupled modeling framework during extreme weather events, with a particular focus on Medicane Ianos, one of the most intense cyclones to have occurred in the Mediterranean Sea. By utilizing a high-resolution unstructured nume...
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Copernicus Publications
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Ocean Science |
| Online Access: | https://os.copernicus.org/articles/21/1105/2025/os-21-1105-2025.pdf |
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| author | S. Causio S. Shirinov S. Shirinov I. Federico G. De Cillis E. Clementi L. Mentaschi G. Coppini |
| author_facet | S. Causio S. Shirinov S. Shirinov I. Federico G. De Cillis E. Clementi L. Mentaschi G. Coppini |
| author_sort | S. Causio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>This study investigates the effects of a two-way wave–circulation coupled modeling framework during extreme weather events, with a particular focus on Medicane Ianos, one of the most intense cyclones to have occurred in the Mediterranean Sea. By utilizing a high-resolution unstructured numerical grid, the study explores wave–current interactions in both open-ocean and coastal environments. To this scope, we developed the first external coupler dealing with the SHYFEM-MPI circulation model and the WAVEWATCH III wave model. The interactions considered in this framework include sea-state-dependent momentum flux, radiation stress, Doppler shift, dynamic water depth for waves, and effective wind speed. The study adopts a rigorous validation of the formulations using idealized benchmarks tailored for these specific processes. Afterwards, the modeling framework was employed in real-case simulations of Medicane Ianos. The model is calibrated, and the ocean variables are rigorously validated against in situ and Earth observation (EO) data, including satellite-based measurements. The study found that wave-induced surge components contribute from 10 % to 30 % of the total water level during the storm and that sea-state-dependent momentum flux during a medicane can influence the vertical structure of the ocean up to 100 <span class="inline-formula">m</span>. The accuracy of the wave model improves by around 3 % in terms of RMSE when coupled with a circulation model.</p>
<p>This study underscores the importance of such coupled models in accurately forecasting medicanes, storm surges, and their impacts, particularly as climate change intensifies extreme events in the Mediterranean Sea.</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b5e8fa8d3d1491f8ac8e5b5c9fb55ac |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1812-0784 1812-0792 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ocean Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b5e8fa8d3d1491f8ac8e5b5c9fb55ac2025-08-20T03:47:20ZengCopernicus PublicationsOcean Science1812-07841812-07922025-06-01211105112310.5194/os-21-1105-2025Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane IanosS. Causio0S. Shirinov1S. Shirinov2I. Federico3G. De Cillis4E. Clementi5L. Mentaschi6G. Coppini7CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, ItalyCMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi” (DIFA), University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyCMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, ItalyCMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, ItalyCMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi” (DIFA), University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyCMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, Italy<p>This study investigates the effects of a two-way wave–circulation coupled modeling framework during extreme weather events, with a particular focus on Medicane Ianos, one of the most intense cyclones to have occurred in the Mediterranean Sea. By utilizing a high-resolution unstructured numerical grid, the study explores wave–current interactions in both open-ocean and coastal environments. To this scope, we developed the first external coupler dealing with the SHYFEM-MPI circulation model and the WAVEWATCH III wave model. The interactions considered in this framework include sea-state-dependent momentum flux, radiation stress, Doppler shift, dynamic water depth for waves, and effective wind speed. The study adopts a rigorous validation of the formulations using idealized benchmarks tailored for these specific processes. Afterwards, the modeling framework was employed in real-case simulations of Medicane Ianos. The model is calibrated, and the ocean variables are rigorously validated against in situ and Earth observation (EO) data, including satellite-based measurements. The study found that wave-induced surge components contribute from 10 % to 30 % of the total water level during the storm and that sea-state-dependent momentum flux during a medicane can influence the vertical structure of the ocean up to 100 <span class="inline-formula">m</span>. The accuracy of the wave model improves by around 3 % in terms of RMSE when coupled with a circulation model.</p> <p>This study underscores the importance of such coupled models in accurately forecasting medicanes, storm surges, and their impacts, particularly as climate change intensifies extreme events in the Mediterranean Sea.</p>https://os.copernicus.org/articles/21/1105/2025/os-21-1105-2025.pdf |
| spellingShingle | S. Causio S. Shirinov S. Shirinov I. Federico G. De Cillis E. Clementi L. Mentaschi G. Coppini Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos Ocean Science |
| title | Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos |
| title_full | Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos |
| title_fullStr | Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos |
| title_short | Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos |
| title_sort | coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross scale modeling during medicane ianos |
| url | https://os.copernicus.org/articles/21/1105/2025/os-21-1105-2025.pdf |
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