Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances
The cognitive ability of the elderly significantly influences evacuation performance in urgent situations. Despite its importance, many fire evacuation studies overlook the impact of cognitive ability on elderly evacuation performance. To address this gap, this study employs multicriteria decision-m...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Jihye Ryu Sung-Kyung Kim Hye-Kyoung Lee Won-Hwa Hong Young-Chan Kim |
| author_facet | Jihye Ryu Sung-Kyung Kim Hye-Kyoung Lee Won-Hwa Hong Young-Chan Kim |
| author_sort | Jihye Ryu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cognitive ability of the elderly significantly influences evacuation performance in urgent situations. Despite its importance, many fire evacuation studies overlook the impact of cognitive ability on elderly evacuation performance. To address this gap, this study employs multicriteria decision-making to identify nudging factors that enhance the cognitive abilities of the elderly during fire evacuations in long-term care facilities. Based on a literature review, key nudging factors include guidance lights, guide lines, handrails, and guidance equipment, with sub-criteria such as location, color, size, and intervals. Experts from academic and practical fields analyzed the nudging factors, followed by a hybrid analytic hierarchy process (AHP–TOPSIS) analysis. The findings emphasize the necessity of providing auditory information through guidance equipment (e.g., voice evacuation system) in high-level scenarios (practice experts AHP: 0.31) and visual information through the continuous installation of guide lines in strategic locations (academic experts AHP: 0.35) to facilitate efficient evacuation. As a result, this study confirms both the differing and concordant opinions among expert groups while recognizing the absolute necessity of elderly evacuation research and considering the unique challenges that prevent actual evacuation experiments with elderly individuals. By synthesizing these perspectives, the study derives the weights and ranks of nudging factors based on urgent-level circumstances, thereby conducting a quantitative assessment of factors that enhance cognitive ability during elderly evacuation. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for future evacuation policy formulation for elderly-related facilities and, as a derivative effect, contribute to ensuring the life safety of elderly individuals within the local community. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2b480b57f4014edcb6deb0b17b30ad9c2025-08-20T02:24:45ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-04-01158126910.3390/buildings15081269Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level CircumstancesJihye Ryu0Sung-Kyung Kim1Hye-Kyoung Lee2Won-Hwa Hong3Young-Chan Kim4Convergence Institute of Construction, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaConvergence Institute of Construction, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaA3 Architecture Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaSchool of Architectural, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaDivision of Smart Safety Engineering, Dongguk University-WISE, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of KoreaThe cognitive ability of the elderly significantly influences evacuation performance in urgent situations. Despite its importance, many fire evacuation studies overlook the impact of cognitive ability on elderly evacuation performance. To address this gap, this study employs multicriteria decision-making to identify nudging factors that enhance the cognitive abilities of the elderly during fire evacuations in long-term care facilities. Based on a literature review, key nudging factors include guidance lights, guide lines, handrails, and guidance equipment, with sub-criteria such as location, color, size, and intervals. Experts from academic and practical fields analyzed the nudging factors, followed by a hybrid analytic hierarchy process (AHP–TOPSIS) analysis. The findings emphasize the necessity of providing auditory information through guidance equipment (e.g., voice evacuation system) in high-level scenarios (practice experts AHP: 0.31) and visual information through the continuous installation of guide lines in strategic locations (academic experts AHP: 0.35) to facilitate efficient evacuation. As a result, this study confirms both the differing and concordant opinions among expert groups while recognizing the absolute necessity of elderly evacuation research and considering the unique challenges that prevent actual evacuation experiments with elderly individuals. By synthesizing these perspectives, the study derives the weights and ranks of nudging factors based on urgent-level circumstances, thereby conducting a quantitative assessment of factors that enhance cognitive ability during elderly evacuation. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for future evacuation policy formulation for elderly-related facilities and, as a derivative effect, contribute to ensuring the life safety of elderly individuals within the local community.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/8/1269elderly evacuation performancecognitive abilitynudging factorsfire evacuationmulti-criteria decision making (AHP–TOPSIS) |
| spellingShingle | Jihye Ryu Sung-Kyung Kim Hye-Kyoung Lee Won-Hwa Hong Young-Chan Kim Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances Buildings elderly evacuation performance cognitive ability nudging factors fire evacuation multi-criteria decision making (AHP–TOPSIS) |
| title | Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances |
| title_full | Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances |
| title_fullStr | Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances |
| title_short | Nudge-Based Intervention for Cognitive Enhancement of Elderly in Long-Term Care Facilities During Fire Evacuation According to Urgent-Level Circumstances |
| title_sort | nudge based intervention for cognitive enhancement of elderly in long term care facilities during fire evacuation according to urgent level circumstances |
| topic | elderly evacuation performance cognitive ability nudging factors fire evacuation multi-criteria decision making (AHP–TOPSIS) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/8/1269 |
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