Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal
Abstract The convergence of electronics and photonics is attracting attention for its potential to surpass performance limitations of existing information‐processing devices. In particular, the electro‐optic (EO) effect plays a critical role in high‐speed and low‐power conversion between electrical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Advanced Electronic Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400346 |
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| author | Keishi Sunami Sachio Horiuchi Shoji Ishibashi Jun'ya Tsutsumi |
| author_facet | Keishi Sunami Sachio Horiuchi Shoji Ishibashi Jun'ya Tsutsumi |
| author_sort | Keishi Sunami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The convergence of electronics and photonics is attracting attention for its potential to surpass performance limitations of existing information‐processing devices. In particular, the electro‐optic (EO) effect plays a critical role in high‐speed and low‐power conversion between electrical and optical signals, which is demanded for future communication networks. Here, a novel class of EO material is demonstrated, the organic ferroelectric crystal of croconic acid (CRCA). The recently developed birefringence field‐modulation imaging technique enables high‐throughput evaluation of the EO coefficient for as‐grown bulk crystals, unveiling a figure of merit of >400 for CRCA, which exceeds that of 320 in the conventional EO material LiNbO3 in the visible‐light range. Analyses in conjunction with theoretical calculations clarify that its remarkable EO performance is attributable to deformation of the π‐orbital coupled with the proton displacement. This finding provides a new route for the molecular design of high‐performance EO materials: proton–π‐electron‐coupled ferroelectrics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b47cbcc310e4c02ab296decd063385c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2199-160X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Electronic Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b47cbcc310e4c02ab296decd063385c2025-08-20T01:58:04ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Electronic Materials2199-160X2025-03-01113n/an/a10.1002/aelm.202400346Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric CrystalKeishi Sunami0Sachio Horiuchi1Shoji Ishibashi2Jun'ya Tsutsumi3Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305–8565 JapanResearch Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305–8565 JapanResearch Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD‐FMat) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305–8568 JapanResearch Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305–8565 JapanAbstract The convergence of electronics and photonics is attracting attention for its potential to surpass performance limitations of existing information‐processing devices. In particular, the electro‐optic (EO) effect plays a critical role in high‐speed and low‐power conversion between electrical and optical signals, which is demanded for future communication networks. Here, a novel class of EO material is demonstrated, the organic ferroelectric crystal of croconic acid (CRCA). The recently developed birefringence field‐modulation imaging technique enables high‐throughput evaluation of the EO coefficient for as‐grown bulk crystals, unveiling a figure of merit of >400 for CRCA, which exceeds that of 320 in the conventional EO material LiNbO3 in the visible‐light range. Analyses in conjunction with theoretical calculations clarify that its remarkable EO performance is attributable to deformation of the π‐orbital coupled with the proton displacement. This finding provides a new route for the molecular design of high‐performance EO materials: proton–π‐electron‐coupled ferroelectrics.https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400346electro‐optic effectorganic ferroelectricsfield‐modulation imagingbirefringence |
| spellingShingle | Keishi Sunami Sachio Horiuchi Shoji Ishibashi Jun'ya Tsutsumi Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal Advanced Electronic Materials electro‐optic effect organic ferroelectrics field‐modulation imaging birefringence |
| title | Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal |
| title_full | Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal |
| title_fullStr | Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal |
| title_short | Unveiling High Electro‐Optic Performance in a Proton–π‐Electron‐Coupled Ferroelectric Crystal |
| title_sort | unveiling high electro optic performance in a proton π electron coupled ferroelectric crystal |
| topic | electro‐optic effect organic ferroelectrics field‐modulation imaging birefringence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400346 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT keishisunami unveilinghighelectroopticperformanceinaprotonpelectroncoupledferroelectriccrystal AT sachiohoriuchi unveilinghighelectroopticperformanceinaprotonpelectroncoupledferroelectriccrystal AT shojiishibashi unveilinghighelectroopticperformanceinaprotonpelectroncoupledferroelectriccrystal AT junyatsutsumi unveilinghighelectroopticperformanceinaprotonpelectroncoupledferroelectriccrystal |