Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania
<b>Introduction:</b> Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are associated with increased mortality, antimicrobial resistance, and high antibiotic use. <b>Methods</b>: The characteristics of bacterial resistance and antibiotic consumption in the intensive care unit (ICU) of...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Sándor Szabó Bogdan Feier Alina Mărginean Andra-Elena Dumitrana Simona Ligia Costin Cecilia Cristea Sorana D. Bolboacă |
| author_facet | Sándor Szabó Bogdan Feier Alina Mărginean Andra-Elena Dumitrana Simona Ligia Costin Cecilia Cristea Sorana D. Bolboacă |
| author_sort | Sándor Szabó |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Introduction:</b> Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are associated with increased mortality, antimicrobial resistance, and high antibiotic use. <b>Methods</b>: The characteristics of bacterial resistance and antibiotic consumption in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a clinical hospital in Romania were evaluated. Demographic data of patients, identified bacteria, antibiotics administered, and their sensitivity profiles were collected and analyzed. <b>Results</b>: One hundred and twenty-five patients, with a median age of 68 years, mostly male (60%), were included in the study. More than one-third of the patients died. The deceased patients were older (median age of 74 years), had longer hospitalization (median of 9 days) and bacteria detected (55.3%), and had higher antibiotic consumption than the discharged patients. The most frequent bacteria identified in our cohort were <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in deceased patients and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus hemolyticus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in the survived group. The top three antibiotics used were ceftriaxone, metronidazole, and meropenem. Resistance to antibiotics was observed in 44.3% of the deceased group and 37.5% of patients who were discharged (χ<sup>2</sup> = 5.5, <i>p</i> = 0.0628). <b>Discussion</b>: A positive monotonic association was observed between the number of hospitalization days and the number of antibiotic doses, with a higher correlation coefficient for deceased patients (0.6327, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) than in survived group (0.4749, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). <b>Conclusions and Future Trends</b>: This study provides a real picture of HAIs, the characteristics of bacteria, and the consumption of antibiotics in an ICU of a clinical hospital in Romania. The data obtained are similar to those from other international studies, but further studies are needed to reflect the real situation in Romania. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b3fe151bddc4a49971968e9494d00ab |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b3fe151bddc4a49971968e9494d00ab2025-01-24T13:18:48ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-01-011416410.3390/antibiotics14010064Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in RomaniaSándor Szabó0Bogdan Feier1Alina Mărginean2Andra-Elena Dumitrana3Simona Ligia Costin4Cecilia Cristea5Sorana D. Bolboacă6Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania“Dr. Constantin Papilian” Military Emergency Hospital, 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania“Dr. Constantin Papilian” Military Emergency Hospital, 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania“Dr. Constantin Papilian” Military Emergency Hospital, 400132 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania<b>Introduction:</b> Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are associated with increased mortality, antimicrobial resistance, and high antibiotic use. <b>Methods</b>: The characteristics of bacterial resistance and antibiotic consumption in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a clinical hospital in Romania were evaluated. Demographic data of patients, identified bacteria, antibiotics administered, and their sensitivity profiles were collected and analyzed. <b>Results</b>: One hundred and twenty-five patients, with a median age of 68 years, mostly male (60%), were included in the study. More than one-third of the patients died. The deceased patients were older (median age of 74 years), had longer hospitalization (median of 9 days) and bacteria detected (55.3%), and had higher antibiotic consumption than the discharged patients. The most frequent bacteria identified in our cohort were <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in deceased patients and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus hemolyticus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in the survived group. The top three antibiotics used were ceftriaxone, metronidazole, and meropenem. Resistance to antibiotics was observed in 44.3% of the deceased group and 37.5% of patients who were discharged (χ<sup>2</sup> = 5.5, <i>p</i> = 0.0628). <b>Discussion</b>: A positive monotonic association was observed between the number of hospitalization days and the number of antibiotic doses, with a higher correlation coefficient for deceased patients (0.6327, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) than in survived group (0.4749, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). <b>Conclusions and Future Trends</b>: This study provides a real picture of HAIs, the characteristics of bacteria, and the consumption of antibiotics in an ICU of a clinical hospital in Romania. The data obtained are similar to those from other international studies, but further studies are needed to reflect the real situation in Romania.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/64healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)bacteriaantibiotic (AB)intensive care unit (ICU)antibiotic resistance |
| spellingShingle | Sándor Szabó Bogdan Feier Alina Mărginean Andra-Elena Dumitrana Simona Ligia Costin Cecilia Cristea Sorana D. Bolboacă Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania Antibiotics healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) bacteria antibiotic (AB) intensive care unit (ICU) antibiotic resistance |
| title | Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania |
| title_sort | evaluation of the bacterial infections and antibiotic prescribing practices in the intensive care unit of a clinical hospital in romania |
| topic | healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) bacteria antibiotic (AB) intensive care unit (ICU) antibiotic resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/64 |
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