Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production

This research evaluates how wind and solar PV systems balance together. Increasing the share of stochastic renewable energy production in electricity and hot turning reserve deficit are welcome compensation issues. This research used weather station data from an open seashore from the last 10 years,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Riho Meister, Wahiba Yaïci, Reza Moezzi, Mohammad Gheibi, Külli Hovi, Andres Annuk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1871
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850188168401256448
author Riho Meister
Wahiba Yaïci
Reza Moezzi
Mohammad Gheibi
Külli Hovi
Andres Annuk
author_facet Riho Meister
Wahiba Yaïci
Reza Moezzi
Mohammad Gheibi
Külli Hovi
Andres Annuk
author_sort Riho Meister
collection DOAJ
description This research evaluates how wind and solar PV systems balance together. Increasing the share of stochastic renewable energy production in electricity and hot turning reserve deficit are welcome compensation issues. This research used weather station data from an open seashore from the last 10 years, 2014–2023, on the Estonian island Saaremaa’s west coast to evaluate yearly fluctuations. We used the indicator demand cover factor to estimate the coincidence of wind generation and solar PV system electricity. For clarity, the initial data were prepared by assuming the equality of production and consumption annual data by scaling the obtained data. This study demonstrates that the best compensating possibilities are the share of wind generation and solar PV electricity mix, respectively, equal to 0.7/0.3 and 0.8/0.2, reaching a demand cover factor of 0.62. This study evaluated the demand cover factor’s dependence on increased production compared to consumption. This study used different batteries to research the influence of these demand cover factors. Furthermore, this research makes a significant contribution by showcasing how to turn weather station data into real wind generator and PV panel production data.
format Article
id doaj-art-2b3ca07b2dca458a9232f47f545850a6
institution OA Journals
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-2b3ca07b2dca458a9232f47f545850a62025-08-20T02:15:58ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-04-01187187110.3390/en18071871Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System ProductionRiho Meister0Wahiba Yaïci1Reza Moezzi2Mohammad Gheibi3Külli Hovi4Andres Annuk5Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaCanmetEnergy Research Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 1 Haanel Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A1M1, CanadaFaculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech RepublicAssociation of Talent Under Liberty in Technology (TULTECH), Sopruse Pst, 10615 Tallinn, EstoniaInstitute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaThis research evaluates how wind and solar PV systems balance together. Increasing the share of stochastic renewable energy production in electricity and hot turning reserve deficit are welcome compensation issues. This research used weather station data from an open seashore from the last 10 years, 2014–2023, on the Estonian island Saaremaa’s west coast to evaluate yearly fluctuations. We used the indicator demand cover factor to estimate the coincidence of wind generation and solar PV system electricity. For clarity, the initial data were prepared by assuming the equality of production and consumption annual data by scaling the obtained data. This study demonstrates that the best compensating possibilities are the share of wind generation and solar PV electricity mix, respectively, equal to 0.7/0.3 and 0.8/0.2, reaching a demand cover factor of 0.62. This study evaluated the demand cover factor’s dependence on increased production compared to consumption. This study used different batteries to research the influence of these demand cover factors. Furthermore, this research makes a significant contribution by showcasing how to turn weather station data into real wind generator and PV panel production data.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1871solar PV systemsself-consumptionenergy storageweather datadata scalingdemand cover factor
spellingShingle Riho Meister
Wahiba Yaïci
Reza Moezzi
Mohammad Gheibi
Külli Hovi
Andres Annuk
Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production
Energies
solar PV systems
self-consumption
energy storage
weather data
data scaling
demand cover factor
title Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production
title_full Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production
title_fullStr Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production
title_short Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production
title_sort evaluating the balancing properties of wind and solar photovoltaic system production
topic solar PV systems
self-consumption
energy storage
weather data
data scaling
demand cover factor
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1871
work_keys_str_mv AT rihomeister evaluatingthebalancingpropertiesofwindandsolarphotovoltaicsystemproduction
AT wahibayaici evaluatingthebalancingpropertiesofwindandsolarphotovoltaicsystemproduction
AT rezamoezzi evaluatingthebalancingpropertiesofwindandsolarphotovoltaicsystemproduction
AT mohammadgheibi evaluatingthebalancingpropertiesofwindandsolarphotovoltaicsystemproduction
AT kullihovi evaluatingthebalancingpropertiesofwindandsolarphotovoltaicsystemproduction
AT andresannuk evaluatingthebalancingpropertiesofwindandsolarphotovoltaicsystemproduction