Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders
Background: Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders in Canada report experiencing racism and an increased risk of trauma-related mental health symptoms.Objective: Using a BIPOC first responder sample in Canada, the present study examined subgroups of BIPOC first responders based...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2447202 |
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| _version_ | 1841554165952675840 |
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| author | Ling Jin Sidonia E. Compton Hawra Al-Khaz’Aly Ateka A. Contractor |
| author_facet | Ling Jin Sidonia E. Compton Hawra Al-Khaz’Aly Ateka A. Contractor |
| author_sort | Ling Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders in Canada report experiencing racism and an increased risk of trauma-related mental health symptoms.Objective: Using a BIPOC first responder sample in Canada, the present study examined subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency of different types of racist events, and their relations with mental health symptoms (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptom clusters of intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood [NACM], and alterations in arousal and reactivity [AAR]; depression severity; anxiety severity).Method: The sample included 196 BIPOC first responders who reported more than one traumatic experience (Mage = 35.30; 71.4% men).Results: Latent profile analyses indicated a best-fitting 3-profile solution: Low (Profile 1), Moderate (Profile 2), and High (Profile 3) Frequency of Racist Events. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that BIPOC first responders reporting more frequent racist events endorsed greater depression severity, anxiety severity, and PTSD’s NACM symptom severity.Conclusions: Findings improve our understanding of subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency and types of racist events they experience. Results highlight the need to incorporate assessments of racism-related experiences into therapeutic work, and to target depression, anxiety, and NACM symptoms among those who encounter more racist events. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b127ca5f69944fd879eea92fdef22ca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2000-8066 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b127ca5f69944fd879eea92fdef22ca2025-01-08T16:30:26ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662025-12-0116110.1080/20008066.2024.2447202Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first respondersLing Jin0Sidonia E. Compton1Hawra Al-Khaz’Aly2Ateka A. Contractor3Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USAWerklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USABackground: Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders in Canada report experiencing racism and an increased risk of trauma-related mental health symptoms.Objective: Using a BIPOC first responder sample in Canada, the present study examined subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency of different types of racist events, and their relations with mental health symptoms (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptom clusters of intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood [NACM], and alterations in arousal and reactivity [AAR]; depression severity; anxiety severity).Method: The sample included 196 BIPOC first responders who reported more than one traumatic experience (Mage = 35.30; 71.4% men).Results: Latent profile analyses indicated a best-fitting 3-profile solution: Low (Profile 1), Moderate (Profile 2), and High (Profile 3) Frequency of Racist Events. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that BIPOC first responders reporting more frequent racist events endorsed greater depression severity, anxiety severity, and PTSD’s NACM symptom severity.Conclusions: Findings improve our understanding of subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency and types of racist events they experience. Results highlight the need to incorporate assessments of racism-related experiences into therapeutic work, and to target depression, anxiety, and NACM symptoms among those who encounter more racist events.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2447202BlackIndigenousPeople of Colorfirst respondersracist eventsPTSD |
| spellingShingle | Ling Jin Sidonia E. Compton Hawra Al-Khaz’Aly Ateka A. Contractor Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders European Journal of Psychotraumatology Black Indigenous People of Color first responders racist events PTSD |
| title | Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders |
| title_full | Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders |
| title_fullStr | Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders |
| title_short | Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders |
| title_sort | heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among black indigenous people of color bipoc first responders |
| topic | Black Indigenous People of Color first responders racist events PTSD |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2447202 |
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