A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis

Cybersecurity threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, frequent, and diverse, posing a major risk to critical infrastructure, public trust, and digital economies. Traditional intrusion detection systems often struggle with detecting novel or rare attack types, particularly when data availabi...

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Main Authors: Nikolaos Peppes, Emmanouil Daskalakis, Theodoros Alexakis, Evgenia Adamopoulou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-08-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8730
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author Nikolaos Peppes
Emmanouil Daskalakis
Theodoros Alexakis
Evgenia Adamopoulou
author_facet Nikolaos Peppes
Emmanouil Daskalakis
Theodoros Alexakis
Evgenia Adamopoulou
author_sort Nikolaos Peppes
collection DOAJ
description Cybersecurity threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, frequent, and diverse, posing a major risk to critical infrastructure, public trust, and digital economies. Traditional intrusion detection systems often struggle with detecting novel or rare attack types, particularly when data availability is limited or heterogeneous. The current study tries to address these challenges by proposing a unified, multimodal threat detection framework that leverages the combination of synthetic data generation through Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), advanced ensemble learning, and transfer learning techniques. The research objective is to enhance detection accuracy and resilience against zero-day, botnet, and image-based malware attacks by integrating multiple data modalities, including structured network logs and malware binaries, within a scalable and flexible pipeline. The proposed system features a dual-branch architecture: one branch uses a CNN with transfer learning for image-based malware classification, and the other employs a soft-voting ensemble classifier for tabular intrusion detection, both trained on augmented datasets generated by GANs. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in detection performance and false positive reduction, especially when multimodal outputs are fused using the proposed confidence-weighted strategy. The findings highlight the framework’s adaptability and practical applicability in real-world intrusion detection and response systems.
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spelling doaj-art-2b10d9d35c3140b6962bf91864820deb2025-08-20T03:36:02ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-08-011515873010.3390/app15158730A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data SynthesisNikolaos Peppes0Emmanouil Daskalakis1Theodoros Alexakis2Evgenia Adamopoulou3Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, GreeceCybersecurity threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, frequent, and diverse, posing a major risk to critical infrastructure, public trust, and digital economies. Traditional intrusion detection systems often struggle with detecting novel or rare attack types, particularly when data availability is limited or heterogeneous. The current study tries to address these challenges by proposing a unified, multimodal threat detection framework that leverages the combination of synthetic data generation through Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), advanced ensemble learning, and transfer learning techniques. The research objective is to enhance detection accuracy and resilience against zero-day, botnet, and image-based malware attacks by integrating multiple data modalities, including structured network logs and malware binaries, within a scalable and flexible pipeline. The proposed system features a dual-branch architecture: one branch uses a CNN with transfer learning for image-based malware classification, and the other employs a soft-voting ensemble classifier for tabular intrusion detection, both trained on augmented datasets generated by GANs. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in detection performance and false positive reduction, especially when multimodal outputs are fused using the proposed confidence-weighted strategy. The findings highlight the framework’s adaptability and practical applicability in real-world intrusion detection and response systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8730threat detectioncybersecuritysynthetic data generationgenerative adversarial networks (GANs)multimodal fusiondeep learning
spellingShingle Nikolaos Peppes
Emmanouil Daskalakis
Theodoros Alexakis
Evgenia Adamopoulou
A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis
Applied Sciences
threat detection
cybersecurity
synthetic data generation
generative adversarial networks (GANs)
multimodal fusion
deep learning
title A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis
title_full A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis
title_fullStr A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis
title_full_unstemmed A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis
title_short A Multimodal Framework for Advanced Cybersecurity Threat Detection Using GAN-Driven Data Synthesis
title_sort multimodal framework for advanced cybersecurity threat detection using gan driven data synthesis
topic threat detection
cybersecurity
synthetic data generation
generative adversarial networks (GANs)
multimodal fusion
deep learning
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8730
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