Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study

Winemaking in cool climate viticultural areas can pose challenges due to difficulties in achieving optimal ripeness from climatic conditions that tend to vary vintage-to-vintage. To stabilize quality, the use of partially dehydrated grapes has been indicated as beneficial to the production of high-q...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jennifer M. Kelly, Debra L. Inglis, Gary J. Pickering
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-01-01
Series:Journal of Food Quality
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8861185
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850229583519940608
author Jennifer M. Kelly
Debra L. Inglis
Gary J. Pickering
author_facet Jennifer M. Kelly
Debra L. Inglis
Gary J. Pickering
author_sort Jennifer M. Kelly
collection DOAJ
description Winemaking in cool climate viticultural areas can pose challenges due to difficulties in achieving optimal ripeness from climatic conditions that tend to vary vintage-to-vintage. To stabilize quality, the use of partially dehydrated grapes has been indicated as beneficial to the production of high-quality wine (“appassimento” style) despite climatic variation. Postharvest wine grape dehydration is a complex process that involves the concentration or formation of sugars, aromas, and flavours. One of the quality challenges facing appassimento style winemaking is elevated levels of undesirable oxidation compounds. The aim of this study was to characterize wines made from a local yeast isolate, Saccharomyces uvarum CN1, which demonstrates limited osmotolerance and may have application to this wine style, as it is a known lower producer of such compounds. Wines made with CN1 were compared to wines made with the accepted commercial standard, S. cerevisiae, EC1118. Fermentations (n = 24) were established at three target starting sugar concentrations from dehydrated Cabernet franc grapes (24.5, 26.0, and 27.5°Brix) and a control (21.5°Brix) and were assessed for volatile organic compound (VOC) composition via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Wines also underwent quantitative descriptive analysis to identify and quantify sensory attributes by a trained panel (n = 11). Results show that the wines fermented with the yeast isolate contain significant differences in the concentrations of VOCs in the wines. Sensorially, the wines differed in intensity for a number of attributes, including red fruit aroma, black fruit flavour, and length of finish both within Brix treatments and amongst yeast strains. The most important differentiating factor amongst these wines was the combination of yeast strain at the highest starting sugar concentration (27.5°Brix). These findings may assist winemakers by informing the yeast strain choice for optimizing appassimento style wine quality in cool climates.
format Article
id doaj-art-2b0063fb546d4f40a0743a34327a0db8
institution OA Journals
issn 0146-9428
1745-4557
language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of Food Quality
spelling doaj-art-2b0063fb546d4f40a0743a34327a0db82025-08-20T02:04:10ZengWileyJournal of Food Quality0146-94281745-45572020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88611858861185Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case StudyJennifer M. Kelly0Debra L. Inglis1Gary J. Pickering2Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S3A1, CanadaCentre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S3A1, CanadaCool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S3A1, CanadaWinemaking in cool climate viticultural areas can pose challenges due to difficulties in achieving optimal ripeness from climatic conditions that tend to vary vintage-to-vintage. To stabilize quality, the use of partially dehydrated grapes has been indicated as beneficial to the production of high-quality wine (“appassimento” style) despite climatic variation. Postharvest wine grape dehydration is a complex process that involves the concentration or formation of sugars, aromas, and flavours. One of the quality challenges facing appassimento style winemaking is elevated levels of undesirable oxidation compounds. The aim of this study was to characterize wines made from a local yeast isolate, Saccharomyces uvarum CN1, which demonstrates limited osmotolerance and may have application to this wine style, as it is a known lower producer of such compounds. Wines made with CN1 were compared to wines made with the accepted commercial standard, S. cerevisiae, EC1118. Fermentations (n = 24) were established at three target starting sugar concentrations from dehydrated Cabernet franc grapes (24.5, 26.0, and 27.5°Brix) and a control (21.5°Brix) and were assessed for volatile organic compound (VOC) composition via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Wines also underwent quantitative descriptive analysis to identify and quantify sensory attributes by a trained panel (n = 11). Results show that the wines fermented with the yeast isolate contain significant differences in the concentrations of VOCs in the wines. Sensorially, the wines differed in intensity for a number of attributes, including red fruit aroma, black fruit flavour, and length of finish both within Brix treatments and amongst yeast strains. The most important differentiating factor amongst these wines was the combination of yeast strain at the highest starting sugar concentration (27.5°Brix). These findings may assist winemakers by informing the yeast strain choice for optimizing appassimento style wine quality in cool climates.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8861185
spellingShingle Jennifer M. Kelly
Debra L. Inglis
Gary J. Pickering
Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study
Journal of Food Quality
title Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study
title_full Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study
title_fullStr Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study
title_full_unstemmed Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study
title_short Sensorial and Volatile Analysis of Wines Made from Partially Dehydrated Grapes: An Ontario Case Study
title_sort sensorial and volatile analysis of wines made from partially dehydrated grapes an ontario case study
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8861185
work_keys_str_mv AT jennifermkelly sensorialandvolatileanalysisofwinesmadefrompartiallydehydratedgrapesanontariocasestudy
AT debralinglis sensorialandvolatileanalysisofwinesmadefrompartiallydehydratedgrapesanontariocasestudy
AT garyjpickering sensorialandvolatileanalysisofwinesmadefrompartiallydehydratedgrapesanontariocasestudy