The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS

The extremes of emission-line and continuum variability of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are unique probes of the physics and geometry of the central engine. This review provides an overview of the most extreme cases of continuum and optical emission-line variability of AGN and the proposed...

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Main Authors: Komossa S., Grupe D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Astronomical Observatory, Department of Astronomy, Belgrade 2024-01-01
Series:Serbian Astronomical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-698X/2024/1450-698X2409001K.pdf
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author Komossa S.
Grupe D.
author_facet Komossa S.
Grupe D.
author_sort Komossa S.
collection DOAJ
description The extremes of emission-line and continuum variability of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are unique probes of the physics and geometry of the central engine. This review provides an overview of the most extreme cases of continuum and optical emission-line variability of AGN and the proposed interpretations. We also point out remaining challenges in the identification of changing-look (CL) AGN and discuss future prospects. This includes the need for identification of larger samples of CL narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies and CL LINERs at opposite ends of the accretion regime. In the second part, evidence for semi-periodic variability of broad lines and continuum emission, and its possible interpretation by the presence of binary SMBHs is addressed. Most recent results from the project MOMO are presented which monitors densely the best-known binary SMBH candidate OJ 287. In the last few years, the results from this project have ruled out the leading binary model and clearly established the need for new binary modeling in an entirely different parameter regime and based on the actually measured (primary) SMBH mass of 108 M⊙. Ongoing and near-future time-domain surveys, and first gravitational wave detections of single systems, will play an important role in advancing this frontier in astrophysics.
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spelling doaj-art-2af08a7677734ef584ca93af4bbe40922025-08-20T03:58:44ZengAstronomical Observatory, Department of Astronomy, BelgradeSerbian Astronomical Journal1450-698X1820-92892024-01-01202420912410.2298/SAJ2409001K1450-698X2409001KThe extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHSKomossa S.0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-4215Grupe D.1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3661Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Geology, and Engineering Technology, Northern Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, USAThe extremes of emission-line and continuum variability of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are unique probes of the physics and geometry of the central engine. This review provides an overview of the most extreme cases of continuum and optical emission-line variability of AGN and the proposed interpretations. We also point out remaining challenges in the identification of changing-look (CL) AGN and discuss future prospects. This includes the need for identification of larger samples of CL narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies and CL LINERs at opposite ends of the accretion regime. In the second part, evidence for semi-periodic variability of broad lines and continuum emission, and its possible interpretation by the presence of binary SMBHs is addressed. Most recent results from the project MOMO are presented which monitors densely the best-known binary SMBH candidate OJ 287. In the last few years, the results from this project have ruled out the leading binary model and clearly established the need for new binary modeling in an entirely different parameter regime and based on the actually measured (primary) SMBH mass of 108 M⊙. Ongoing and near-future time-domain surveys, and first gravitational wave detections of single systems, will play an important role in advancing this frontier in astrophysics.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-698X/2024/1450-698X2409001K.pdfgalaxies: nucleigalaxies: seyfertquasars: emission linesquasars: supermassive binary black holesaccretion disks
spellingShingle Komossa S.
Grupe D.
The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
Serbian Astronomical Journal
galaxies: nuclei
galaxies: seyfert
quasars: emission lines
quasars: supermassive binary black holes
accretion disks
title The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
title_full The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
title_fullStr The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
title_full_unstemmed The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
title_short The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
title_sort extremes of continuum and emission line variability of agn changing look events and binary smbhs
topic galaxies: nuclei
galaxies: seyfert
quasars: emission lines
quasars: supermassive binary black holes
accretion disks
url https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-698X/2024/1450-698X2409001K.pdf
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