Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study
Abstract Purpose To compare the ophthalmic findings between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children aged 7–10 years. Methods A matched case-control study was conducted on 32 dyslexic children as a case group and 32 non-dyslexics as a control group. Both groups underwent complete ophthalmic examinations t...
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03959-3 |
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| author | Azam Darvishi Negar Sangsefidi Javad Heravian Shandiz Davood Sobhani Rad Foroozan Narooie-Noori Masoud Khorrami-Nejad |
| author_facet | Azam Darvishi Negar Sangsefidi Javad Heravian Shandiz Davood Sobhani Rad Foroozan Narooie-Noori Masoud Khorrami-Nejad |
| author_sort | Azam Darvishi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Purpose To compare the ophthalmic findings between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children aged 7–10 years. Methods A matched case-control study was conducted on 32 dyslexic children as a case group and 32 non-dyslexics as a control group. Both groups underwent complete ophthalmic examinations to measure corrected distance visual acuity, refractive errors, latent and manifest deviations, stereoacuity, near point of accommodation (NPA), and contrast sensitivity (CS). Results The mean age of the participants in our study was 8.1 ± 0.8 (range 7–10) years. Both dyslexic and non-dyslexic groups consisted of 17(53.1%) boys and 15(46.9%) girls. There was no significant difference in visual functions (P > 0.05) except for stereoacuity and contrast sensitivity between the two groups. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was decreased and aggravated in dyslexics versus controls. The mean score of binocular CS in the case and control group was 115.8 ± 40.6 and 175.6 ± 44.3 cycle per degree, respectively (P < 0.001). Notably, stereoacuity was increased in dyslexics versus controls (94.2 ± 73.6 vs. 60.94 ± 12.01 s/arc, P = 0.017). Conclusion Dyslexic children exhibited decreased contrast sensitivity and impaired stereoacuity compared to controls. These findings support the theory of magnocellular system deficits in dyslexia. Further research is required to elucidate the role of contrast sensitivity and its impact on dyslexic vision. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2aecb7e558ba484f8df9ed60a3653e99 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2415 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-2aecb7e558ba484f8df9ed60a3653e992025-08-20T03:41:46ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152025-03-012511710.1186/s12886-025-03959-3Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control studyAzam Darvishi0Negar Sangsefidi1Javad Heravian Shandiz2Davood Sobhani Rad3Foroozan Narooie-Noori4Masoud Khorrami-Nejad5Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesRefractive Errors Research Center, school of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Speech Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesSchool of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical SciencesSchool of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Purpose To compare the ophthalmic findings between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children aged 7–10 years. Methods A matched case-control study was conducted on 32 dyslexic children as a case group and 32 non-dyslexics as a control group. Both groups underwent complete ophthalmic examinations to measure corrected distance visual acuity, refractive errors, latent and manifest deviations, stereoacuity, near point of accommodation (NPA), and contrast sensitivity (CS). Results The mean age of the participants in our study was 8.1 ± 0.8 (range 7–10) years. Both dyslexic and non-dyslexic groups consisted of 17(53.1%) boys and 15(46.9%) girls. There was no significant difference in visual functions (P > 0.05) except for stereoacuity and contrast sensitivity between the two groups. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was decreased and aggravated in dyslexics versus controls. The mean score of binocular CS in the case and control group was 115.8 ± 40.6 and 175.6 ± 44.3 cycle per degree, respectively (P < 0.001). Notably, stereoacuity was increased in dyslexics versus controls (94.2 ± 73.6 vs. 60.94 ± 12.01 s/arc, P = 0.017). Conclusion Dyslexic children exhibited decreased contrast sensitivity and impaired stereoacuity compared to controls. These findings support the theory of magnocellular system deficits in dyslexia. Further research is required to elucidate the role of contrast sensitivity and its impact on dyslexic vision.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03959-3DyslexiaContrast sensitivityStereo acuityVisual functions |
| spellingShingle | Azam Darvishi Negar Sangsefidi Javad Heravian Shandiz Davood Sobhani Rad Foroozan Narooie-Noori Masoud Khorrami-Nejad Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study BMC Ophthalmology Dyslexia Contrast sensitivity Stereo acuity Visual functions |
| title | Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study |
| title_full | Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study |
| title_fullStr | Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study |
| title_short | Visual function deficits in dyslexic children: a case-control study |
| title_sort | visual function deficits in dyslexic children a case control study |
| topic | Dyslexia Contrast sensitivity Stereo acuity Visual functions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03959-3 |
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