Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil
As the world's energy demand rises, crude oil and other hydrocarbon resources are required for different sectors to fulfill the global energy demand. Heavy crude oils are often difficult to transport due to their high viscosity and low mobility. Oil companies employ techniques including mixing...
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Tikrit University
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tj-es.com/ojs/index.php/tjes/article/view/1941 |
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| author | Ghassan Al-Doori Osama H. Al Naamani Girma T. Chala |
| author_facet | Ghassan Al-Doori Osama H. Al Naamani Girma T. Chala |
| author_sort | Ghassan Al-Doori |
| collection | DOAJ |
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As the world's energy demand rises, crude oil and other hydrocarbon resources are required for different sectors to fulfill the global energy demand. Heavy crude oils are often difficult to transport due to their high viscosity and low mobility. Oil companies employ techniques including mixing, heating, and injection to lessen the viscosity of crude oil, as well as nanotechnology to lessen the viscosity. The present study aims to gradually reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oil by heating it using solar energy as clean energy. Solar water heater, PCM paraffin wax, heat exchangers, crude oil, and other materials were used. In this study, wax was used to store solar energy during the day and release it at night after sunset. It was observed that as the temperature increased, the viscosity fell, and vice versa. For instance, when using heavy crude oil, the viscosity rose to 8 cP at 45°C and 3 rpm and fell to 3 cP at 81°C. The viscosity was 15 cP at 45°C and 6 rpm and 4 cP at 81°C. A novel phase change material, such as wax and sand. In general, it is recommended to use solar energy systems integrated with latent thermal storage, i.e., phase change materials (organic), e.g., wax, and (inorganic), e.g., salts, or sensibly use non-phase change materials, e.g., sand ensure the provision to provide the necessary heat, to liquefy the oil (reduce viscosity), for facilitating its continuous flow through pipelines, without affecting the environment.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2ae2247c88d0418c968955f5c4e29684 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1813-162X 2312-7589 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Tikrit University |
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| series | Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-2ae2247c88d0418c968955f5c4e296842025-08-20T03:16:39ZengTikrit UniversityTikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences1813-162X2312-75892025-05-0132210.25130/tjes.32.2.18Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude OilGhassan Al-Doori0Osama H. Al Naamani1Girma T. Chala2Al-Imam University College. Tikrit, Iraq.International College of Engineering and Management, P.O. Box 2511, C.P.O Seeb, P.C. 111, Muscat, Oman.International College of Engineering and Management, P.O. Box 2511, C.P.O Seeb, P.C. 111, Muscat, Oman. As the world's energy demand rises, crude oil and other hydrocarbon resources are required for different sectors to fulfill the global energy demand. Heavy crude oils are often difficult to transport due to their high viscosity and low mobility. Oil companies employ techniques including mixing, heating, and injection to lessen the viscosity of crude oil, as well as nanotechnology to lessen the viscosity. The present study aims to gradually reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oil by heating it using solar energy as clean energy. Solar water heater, PCM paraffin wax, heat exchangers, crude oil, and other materials were used. In this study, wax was used to store solar energy during the day and release it at night after sunset. It was observed that as the temperature increased, the viscosity fell, and vice versa. For instance, when using heavy crude oil, the viscosity rose to 8 cP at 45°C and 3 rpm and fell to 3 cP at 81°C. The viscosity was 15 cP at 45°C and 6 rpm and 4 cP at 81°C. A novel phase change material, such as wax and sand. In general, it is recommended to use solar energy systems integrated with latent thermal storage, i.e., phase change materials (organic), e.g., wax, and (inorganic), e.g., salts, or sensibly use non-phase change materials, e.g., sand ensure the provision to provide the necessary heat, to liquefy the oil (reduce viscosity), for facilitating its continuous flow through pipelines, without affecting the environment. https://www.tj-es.com/ojs/index.php/tjes/article/view/1941Oil viscosityHeavy crude oilPhase change materialSolar energy |
| spellingShingle | Ghassan Al-Doori Osama H. Al Naamani Girma T. Chala Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences Oil viscosity Heavy crude oil Phase change material Solar energy |
| title | Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil |
| title_full | Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil |
| title_short | Effect of Phase Change Material Heated by Solar Energy on the Flow Assurance of Heavy Crude Oil |
| title_sort | effect of phase change material heated by solar energy on the flow assurance of heavy crude oil |
| topic | Oil viscosity Heavy crude oil Phase change material Solar energy |
| url | https://www.tj-es.com/ojs/index.php/tjes/article/view/1941 |
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