Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that affects buffaloes and cattle across various regions, including both tropical and temperate climates. Intriguingly, the virus–carrying skin sores remain the primary source of infection for extended periods, exacerbated by the abundance of vectors in...

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Main Authors: Ali Haider, Zaheer Abbas, Ahsen Taqveem, Abid Ali, Mohsin Khurshid, Rania F. El Naggar, Mohammed A. Rohaim, Muhammad Munir
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/11/561
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author Ali Haider
Zaheer Abbas
Ahsen Taqveem
Abid Ali
Mohsin Khurshid
Rania F. El Naggar
Mohammed A. Rohaim
Muhammad Munir
author_facet Ali Haider
Zaheer Abbas
Ahsen Taqveem
Abid Ali
Mohsin Khurshid
Rania F. El Naggar
Mohammed A. Rohaim
Muhammad Munir
author_sort Ali Haider
collection DOAJ
description Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that affects buffaloes and cattle across various regions, including both tropical and temperate climates. Intriguingly, the virus–carrying skin sores remain the primary source of infection for extended periods, exacerbated by the abundance of vectors in disease–endemic countries. Recent scientific advances have revealed the molecular aspects of LSD and offered improved vaccines and valuable antiviral targets. This review summarizes the molecular features of LSD and its effect on various livestock species. We then provide an extensive discussion on the transmission dynamics of LSD and the roles of vectors in its continued spread among livestock populations. Additionally, this review critically analyses the rationales behind, as well as the affordability and effectiveness, of current control strategies worldwide.
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publisher MDPI AG
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series Veterinary Sciences
spelling doaj-art-2ac7a0a5eea44005b9636793151024e72025-08-20T02:27:42ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812024-11-01111156110.3390/vetsci11110561Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control StrategiesAli Haider0Zaheer Abbas1Ahsen Taqveem2Abid Ali3Mohsin Khurshid4Rania F. El Naggar5Mohammed A. Rohaim6Muhammad Munir7Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat 50700, PakistanDepartment of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat 50700, PakistanInstitute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Chenab, Gujrat 50700, PakistanInstitute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, EgyptDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, EgyptDivision of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UKLumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that affects buffaloes and cattle across various regions, including both tropical and temperate climates. Intriguingly, the virus–carrying skin sores remain the primary source of infection for extended periods, exacerbated by the abundance of vectors in disease–endemic countries. Recent scientific advances have revealed the molecular aspects of LSD and offered improved vaccines and valuable antiviral targets. This review summarizes the molecular features of LSD and its effect on various livestock species. We then provide an extensive discussion on the transmission dynamics of LSD and the roles of vectors in its continued spread among livestock populations. Additionally, this review critically analyses the rationales behind, as well as the affordability and effectiveness, of current control strategies worldwide.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/11/561pathogenesistransmissionlumpy skin disease virusdisease controllivestockvectors
spellingShingle Ali Haider
Zaheer Abbas
Ahsen Taqveem
Abid Ali
Mohsin Khurshid
Rania F. El Naggar
Mohammed A. Rohaim
Muhammad Munir
Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies
Veterinary Sciences
pathogenesis
transmission
lumpy skin disease virus
disease control
livestock
vectors
title Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies
title_full Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies
title_fullStr Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies
title_short Lumpy Skin Disease: Insights into Molecular Pathogenesis and Control Strategies
title_sort lumpy skin disease insights into molecular pathogenesis and control strategies
topic pathogenesis
transmission
lumpy skin disease virus
disease control
livestock
vectors
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/11/561
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