Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite

Microorganisms that utilize organic matter to reduce Fe oxides/hydroxides constitute the primary geochemical processes controlling the formation of high-arsenic (As) groundwater. Biogenic secondary iron minerals play a significant role in As migration. However, the influence of quinone electron shut...

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Main Authors: Jia Wang, Mengna Chen, Yalong Li, Yang Yang, Zuoming Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325001150
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author Jia Wang
Mengna Chen
Yalong Li
Yang Yang
Zuoming Xie
author_facet Jia Wang
Mengna Chen
Yalong Li
Yang Yang
Zuoming Xie
author_sort Jia Wang
collection DOAJ
description Microorganisms that utilize organic matter to reduce Fe oxides/hydroxides constitute the primary geochemical processes controlling the formation of high-arsenic (As) groundwater. Biogenic secondary iron minerals play a significant role in As migration. However, the influence of quinone electron shuttles and competitive anionic phosphate on this process has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, 10 mM phosphate effectively increased the growth and reproduction of the indigenous metal-reducing bacterium Bacillus D2201, ensuring high biomass participation in goethite reduction. Three forms of goethite (pure goethite [Gt], goethite with coprecipitated As [Gt-As], and goethite with adsorbed As [Gt*As]) were synthesized and reduced by strain D2201 to investigate the fate of As/Fe. The results showed that the amount of Fe(II) released and precipitated in the Gt-As group with the addition of 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS) and phosphate was the highest. Various solid-phase analytical techniques revealed that a significant amount of dissolved Fe(II) precipitated and formed the secondary mineral vivianite owing to phosphate input. Vivianite formation was pH-dependent, with high pH levels inhibiting vivianite development. As migration in the Gt-As system exhibited desorption and re-adsorption phenomena. The total As content decreased by 59.0 %, 53.7 %, and 49.4 %, at pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0, respectively, compared to the maximum As content values. The As re-adsorption percentage in the Gt*As group was lower than that in the Gt-As group, with decreases of 30.2 %, 16 %, and 10.3 % at pH, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0, respectively. The results indicated that phosphate and AQDS enhanced goethite bioreduction and facilitated the migration of As and Fe. However, the subsequent formation of secondary vivianite resulted in the re-fixation of As and Fe. Our research suggested that metal-reducing bacteria may not universally facilitate As migration from sediments to groundwater, as previously assumed. This study highlights the effects of phosphate, As doping methods, and pH levels on As migration and transformation and refines theories on microbiologically induced high-As groundwater formation.
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spelling doaj-art-2a8022486eed4f509c7aa7e4585cdd1b2025-02-12T05:30:20ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-01-01290117779Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianiteJia Wang0Mengna Chen1Yalong Li2Yang Yang3Zuoming Xie4Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, PR ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, PR ChinaChangjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, PR ChinaYangtze Ecological Environmental Protection Industrial Technology Research Institute, Wuhan 430200, PR ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Corresponding author.Microorganisms that utilize organic matter to reduce Fe oxides/hydroxides constitute the primary geochemical processes controlling the formation of high-arsenic (As) groundwater. Biogenic secondary iron minerals play a significant role in As migration. However, the influence of quinone electron shuttles and competitive anionic phosphate on this process has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, 10 mM phosphate effectively increased the growth and reproduction of the indigenous metal-reducing bacterium Bacillus D2201, ensuring high biomass participation in goethite reduction. Three forms of goethite (pure goethite [Gt], goethite with coprecipitated As [Gt-As], and goethite with adsorbed As [Gt*As]) were synthesized and reduced by strain D2201 to investigate the fate of As/Fe. The results showed that the amount of Fe(II) released and precipitated in the Gt-As group with the addition of 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS) and phosphate was the highest. Various solid-phase analytical techniques revealed that a significant amount of dissolved Fe(II) precipitated and formed the secondary mineral vivianite owing to phosphate input. Vivianite formation was pH-dependent, with high pH levels inhibiting vivianite development. As migration in the Gt-As system exhibited desorption and re-adsorption phenomena. The total As content decreased by 59.0 %, 53.7 %, and 49.4 %, at pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0, respectively, compared to the maximum As content values. The As re-adsorption percentage in the Gt*As group was lower than that in the Gt-As group, with decreases of 30.2 %, 16 %, and 10.3 % at pH, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0, respectively. The results indicated that phosphate and AQDS enhanced goethite bioreduction and facilitated the migration of As and Fe. However, the subsequent formation of secondary vivianite resulted in the re-fixation of As and Fe. Our research suggested that metal-reducing bacteria may not universally facilitate As migration from sediments to groundwater, as previously assumed. This study highlights the effects of phosphate, As doping methods, and pH levels on As migration and transformation and refines theories on microbiologically induced high-As groundwater formation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325001150Metal-reducing bacteriaFe(III) reductionArsenic migrationVivianite
spellingShingle Jia Wang
Mengna Chen
Yalong Li
Yang Yang
Zuoming Xie
Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Metal-reducing bacteria
Fe(III) reduction
Arsenic migration
Vivianite
title Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
title_full Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
title_fullStr Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
title_short Extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of Fe/As with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
title_sort extracellular electron shuttles induced transformation and mobilization of fe as with the occurrence of biogenic vivianite
topic Metal-reducing bacteria
Fe(III) reduction
Arsenic migration
Vivianite
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325001150
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