Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America

Tree-ring records in northwestern North America suggest that the year 1959 was anomalously cold relative to the last several centuries. Here, we investigate the spatial characteristics, specific timing, and magnitude of the 1959 cold event through analyzing a multiparameter tree-ring network, includ...

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Main Authors: Caroline Leland, Nicole Davi, Rosanne D’Arrigo, Laia Andreu-Hayles, Arturo Pacheco-Solana, Julie Edwards, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Trevor J. Porter, Michael F.J. Pisaric, Madeleine Mant, Tracey Galloway, Rose Oelkers
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15230430.2024.2445945
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author Caroline Leland
Nicole Davi
Rosanne D’Arrigo
Laia Andreu-Hayles
Arturo Pacheco-Solana
Julie Edwards
Kevin J. Anchukaitis
Trevor J. Porter
Michael F.J. Pisaric
Madeleine Mant
Tracey Galloway
Rose Oelkers
author_facet Caroline Leland
Nicole Davi
Rosanne D’Arrigo
Laia Andreu-Hayles
Arturo Pacheco-Solana
Julie Edwards
Kevin J. Anchukaitis
Trevor J. Porter
Michael F.J. Pisaric
Madeleine Mant
Tracey Galloway
Rose Oelkers
author_sort Caroline Leland
collection DOAJ
description Tree-ring records in northwestern North America suggest that the year 1959 was anomalously cold relative to the last several centuries. Here, we investigate the spatial characteristics, specific timing, and magnitude of the 1959 cold event through analyzing a multiparameter tree-ring network, including two wood anatomical records, and climate reanalysis data. By assessing the sensitivity of tree-ring data to a climate extreme during the instrumental era, we can better understand the capacity of these records to capture historical climate extremes. Our results suggest that cool conditions prevailed across the region in the summer of 1959, but the most extreme cold was centered around northwestern Canada, where maximum latewood density and cell wall thickness anomalies were exceedingly low. Though the entire summer of 1959 was cool, a brief episode of record cold temperatures from late July through early August likely contributed greatly to the extreme tree-ring anomalies. Our findings highlight that climate extremes during critical periods of the growing season can leave a significant imprint on maximum latewood density and that high-resolution wood anatomical data can be particularly powerful for identifying and potentially reconstructing the timing, duration, and magnitude of historical and undocumented climate extremes.
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series Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
spelling doaj-art-2a741ec221a243a29033fc7d18e8e6e22025-08-20T02:38:21ZengTaylor & Francis GroupArctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research1523-04301938-42462025-12-0157110.1080/15230430.2024.2445945Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North AmericaCaroline Leland0Nicole Davi1Rosanne D’Arrigo2Laia Andreu-Hayles3Arturo Pacheco-Solana4Julie Edwards5Kevin J. Anchukaitis6Trevor J. Porter7Michael F.J. Pisaric8Madeleine Mant9Tracey Galloway10Rose Oelkers11Department of Environmental Science, William Paterson University, Wayne, New Jersey, USADepartment of Environmental Science, William Paterson University, Wayne, New Jersey, USATree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USATree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USATree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USALaboratory of Tree-Ring Research and School of Geography, Development and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USATree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USAGeography, Geomatics & Environment, University of Toronto Mississauga, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Geography and Tourism Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, CanadaTree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USATree-ring records in northwestern North America suggest that the year 1959 was anomalously cold relative to the last several centuries. Here, we investigate the spatial characteristics, specific timing, and magnitude of the 1959 cold event through analyzing a multiparameter tree-ring network, including two wood anatomical records, and climate reanalysis data. By assessing the sensitivity of tree-ring data to a climate extreme during the instrumental era, we can better understand the capacity of these records to capture historical climate extremes. Our results suggest that cool conditions prevailed across the region in the summer of 1959, but the most extreme cold was centered around northwestern Canada, where maximum latewood density and cell wall thickness anomalies were exceedingly low. Though the entire summer of 1959 was cool, a brief episode of record cold temperatures from late July through early August likely contributed greatly to the extreme tree-ring anomalies. Our findings highlight that climate extremes during critical periods of the growing season can leave a significant imprint on maximum latewood density and that high-resolution wood anatomical data can be particularly powerful for identifying and potentially reconstructing the timing, duration, and magnitude of historical and undocumented climate extremes.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15230430.2024.2445945Climate extremeswood anatomytree-ringsnorthwestern North America
spellingShingle Caroline Leland
Nicole Davi
Rosanne D’Arrigo
Laia Andreu-Hayles
Arturo Pacheco-Solana
Julie Edwards
Kevin J. Anchukaitis
Trevor J. Porter
Michael F.J. Pisaric
Madeleine Mant
Tracey Galloway
Rose Oelkers
Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America
Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
Climate extremes
wood anatomy
tree-rings
northwestern North America
title Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America
title_full Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America
title_fullStr Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America
title_full_unstemmed Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America
title_short Tree-ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern North America
title_sort tree ring evidence of the elusive 1959 summer cold event in northwestern north america
topic Climate extremes
wood anatomy
tree-rings
northwestern North America
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15230430.2024.2445945
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