White matter hyperintensities in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID): Knowledge gaps and opportunities

White matter hyperintensities in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID): Knowledge gaps and opportunities

Abstract White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently seen on brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of older people. Usually interpreted clinically as a surrogate for cerebral small vessel disease, WMHs are associated with increased likelihood of cognitive impairment and dementia (including...

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Main Authors: Jessica Alber, Suvarna Alladi, Hee‐Joon Bae, David A. Barton, Laurel A. Beckett, Joanne M. Bell, Sara E. Berman, Geert Jan Biessels, Sandra E. Black, Isabelle Bos, Gene L. Bowman, Emanuele Brai, Adam M. Brickman, Brandy L. Callahan, Roderick A. Corriveau, Silvia Fossati, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Deborah R. Gustafson, Vladimir Hachinski, Kathleen M. Hayden, Alex M. Helman, Timothy M. Hughes, Jeremy D. Isaacs, Angela L. Jefferson, Sterling C. Johnson, Alifiya Kapasi, Silke Kern, Jay C. Kwon, Juraj Kukolja, Athene Lee, Samuel N. Lockhart, Anne Murray, Katie E. Osborn, Melinda C. Power, Brittani R. Price, Hanneke F.M. Rhodius‐Meester, Jacqueline A. Rondeau, Allyson C. Rosen, Douglas L. Rosene, Julie A. Schneider, Henrieta Scholtzova, C. Elizabeth Shaaban, Narlon C.B.S. Silva, Heather M. Snyder, Walter Swardfager, Aron M. Troen, Susanne J. vanVeluw, Prashanthi Vemuri, Anders Wallin, Cheryl Wellington, Donna M. Wilcock, Sharon Xiangwen Xie, Atticus H. Hainsworth
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-01-01
Series:Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions
Subjects:
Vascular dementia
Vascular cognitive impairment
Leukoaraiosis
White matter lesions
Small vessel disease
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trci.2019.02.001
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Summary:Abstract White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently seen on brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of older people. Usually interpreted clinically as a surrogate for cerebral small vessel disease, WMHs are associated with increased likelihood of cognitive impairment and dementia (including Alzheimer's disease [AD]). WMHs are also seen in cognitively healthy people. In this collaboration of academic, clinical, and pharmaceutical industry perspectives, we identify outstanding questions about WMHs and their relation to cognition, dementia, and AD. What molecular and cellular changes underlie WMHs? What are the neuropathological correlates of WMHs? To what extent are demyelination and inflammation present? Is it helpful to subdivide into periventricular and subcortical WMHs? What do WMHs signify in people diagnosed with AD? What are the risk factors for developing WMHs? What preventive and therapeutic strategies target WMHs? Answering these questions will improve prevention and treatment of WMHs and dementia.
ISSN:2352-8737

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