The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study

<b>Background/objectives:</b> Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are progressively increasing in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs). Its treatment is challenging due to the lack of pediatric trials. CRE infections are associated with significantly poor o...

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Main Authors: Raquel García Romero, Elena Fresán-Ruiz, Carmina Guitart, Sara Bobillo-Perez, Iolanda Jordan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Antibiotics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1037
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author Raquel García Romero
Elena Fresán-Ruiz
Carmina Guitart
Sara Bobillo-Perez
Iolanda Jordan
author_facet Raquel García Romero
Elena Fresán-Ruiz
Carmina Guitart
Sara Bobillo-Perez
Iolanda Jordan
author_sort Raquel García Romero
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background/objectives:</b> Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are progressively increasing in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs). Its treatment is challenging due to the lack of pediatric trials. CRE infections are associated with significantly poor outcomes, but ceftazidime–avibactam (CAZ-AVI) has been reported to be successful in their treatment. This study aimed to describe the use and outcome of CAZ-AVI in a PICU. <b>Results:</b> Ten patients were included, with 12 episodes of clinical suspicion or confirmed multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections treated with CAZ-AVI for surgical prophylaxis, suspicion of sepsis, pneumonia, and surgical wound infection. Of these patients, 80% received empirical treatment because of previous MDR bacterial colonization, and 60% were administrated combination therapy with aztreonam for Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL)strains. No bacteria were resistant to CAZ-AVI. The average duration of the treatment was 3 days when cultures turned negative and 7 days when MDR bacteria were isolated. <b>Methods:</b> This was an observational prospective study of children treated with CAZ-AVI in the PICU of a tertiary hospital in 2022. Epidemiological, clinical, microbiological, and outcome data were collected. <b>Conclusions:</b> The most frequent use of CAZ-AVI in our PICU was the short-term empirical treatment for patients with previous MDR bacterial colonization and clinical suspicion of bacteremia or sepsis. Furthermore, the combination of CAZ-AVI plus aztreonam could be more effective for CRE infections, especially type Ambler class B as MBL strains.
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spelling doaj-art-2a55e02dabe04324b72e3704a5f1a9f12025-08-20T02:08:00ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-11-011311103710.3390/antibiotics13111037The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective StudyRaquel García Romero0Elena Fresán-Ruiz1Carmina Guitart2Sara Bobillo-Perez3Iolanda Jordan4Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, SpainPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, SpainPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, SpainPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, SpainPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain<b>Background/objectives:</b> Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are progressively increasing in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs). Its treatment is challenging due to the lack of pediatric trials. CRE infections are associated with significantly poor outcomes, but ceftazidime–avibactam (CAZ-AVI) has been reported to be successful in their treatment. This study aimed to describe the use and outcome of CAZ-AVI in a PICU. <b>Results:</b> Ten patients were included, with 12 episodes of clinical suspicion or confirmed multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections treated with CAZ-AVI for surgical prophylaxis, suspicion of sepsis, pneumonia, and surgical wound infection. Of these patients, 80% received empirical treatment because of previous MDR bacterial colonization, and 60% were administrated combination therapy with aztreonam for Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL)strains. No bacteria were resistant to CAZ-AVI. The average duration of the treatment was 3 days when cultures turned negative and 7 days when MDR bacteria were isolated. <b>Methods:</b> This was an observational prospective study of children treated with CAZ-AVI in the PICU of a tertiary hospital in 2022. Epidemiological, clinical, microbiological, and outcome data were collected. <b>Conclusions:</b> The most frequent use of CAZ-AVI in our PICU was the short-term empirical treatment for patients with previous MDR bacterial colonization and clinical suspicion of bacteremia or sepsis. Furthermore, the combination of CAZ-AVI plus aztreonam could be more effective for CRE infections, especially type Ambler class B as MBL strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1037antibioticsceftazidime–avibactamMDR bacteriaCREcarbapenemasesbacteremia
spellingShingle Raquel García Romero
Elena Fresán-Ruiz
Carmina Guitart
Sara Bobillo-Perez
Iolanda Jordan
The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study
Antibiotics
antibiotics
ceftazidime–avibactam
MDR bacteria
CRE
carbapenemases
bacteremia
title The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study
title_full The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study
title_fullStr The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study
title_full_unstemmed The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study
title_short The Use of Ceftazidime–Avibactam in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—An Observational Prospective Study
title_sort use of ceftazidime avibactam in a pediatric intensive care unit an observational prospective study
topic antibiotics
ceftazidime–avibactam
MDR bacteria
CRE
carbapenemases
bacteremia
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1037
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