Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications

Effective analysis of central bank communications is critical for anticipating monetary policy changes and guiding market expectations. However, traditional natural language processing models face significant challenges in processing lengthy and nuanced policy documents, which often exceed tens of t...

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Main Authors: Tao Song, Shijie Yuan, Rui Zhong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6420
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author Tao Song
Shijie Yuan
Rui Zhong
author_facet Tao Song
Shijie Yuan
Rui Zhong
author_sort Tao Song
collection DOAJ
description Effective analysis of central bank communications is critical for anticipating monetary policy changes and guiding market expectations. However, traditional natural language processing models face significant challenges in processing lengthy and nuanced policy documents, which often exceed tens of thousands of tokens. This study addresses these challenges by proposing a novel integrated deep learning framework based on Hyena Hierarchy architectures, which utilize sub-quadratic convolution mechanisms to efficiently process ultra-long sequences. The framework employs Delta-LoRA (low-rank adaptation) for parameter-efficient fine-tuning, updating less than 1% of the total parameters without additional inference overhead. To ensure robust performance across institutions and policy cycles, domain-adversarial neural networks are incorporated to learn domain-invariant representations, and a multi-task learning approach integrates auxiliary hawkish/dovish sentiment signals. Evaluations conducted on a comprehensive dataset comprising Federal Open Market Committee statements and European Central Bank speeches from 1977 to 2024 demonstrate state-of-the-art performance, achieving over 6% improvement in macro-F1 score compared to baseline models while significantly reducing inference latency by 65%. This work offers a powerful and efficient new paradigm for handling ultra-long financial policy texts and demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating advanced sequence modeling, efficient fine-tuning, and domain adaptation techniques for extracting timely economic signals, with the aim to open new avenues for quantitative policy analysis and financial market forecasting.
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spelling doaj-art-2a54d90c15ef431bb4c8ec5b2fd96ea42025-08-20T02:24:25ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011512642010.3390/app15126420Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank CommunicationsTao Song0Shijie Yuan1Rui Zhong2Institute of Applied Economics, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai 200020, ChinaSchool of Finance, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, ChinaInformation Initiative Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, JapanEffective analysis of central bank communications is critical for anticipating monetary policy changes and guiding market expectations. However, traditional natural language processing models face significant challenges in processing lengthy and nuanced policy documents, which often exceed tens of thousands of tokens. This study addresses these challenges by proposing a novel integrated deep learning framework based on Hyena Hierarchy architectures, which utilize sub-quadratic convolution mechanisms to efficiently process ultra-long sequences. The framework employs Delta-LoRA (low-rank adaptation) for parameter-efficient fine-tuning, updating less than 1% of the total parameters without additional inference overhead. To ensure robust performance across institutions and policy cycles, domain-adversarial neural networks are incorporated to learn domain-invariant representations, and a multi-task learning approach integrates auxiliary hawkish/dovish sentiment signals. Evaluations conducted on a comprehensive dataset comprising Federal Open Market Committee statements and European Central Bank speeches from 1977 to 2024 demonstrate state-of-the-art performance, achieving over 6% improvement in macro-F1 score compared to baseline models while significantly reducing inference latency by 65%. This work offers a powerful and efficient new paradigm for handling ultra-long financial policy texts and demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating advanced sequence modeling, efficient fine-tuning, and domain adaptation techniques for extracting timely economic signals, with the aim to open new avenues for quantitative policy analysis and financial market forecasting.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6420interest rate nowcastingcentral bank communicationHyena HierarchyDelta LoRAlong sequence processingdomain adaptation
spellingShingle Tao Song
Shijie Yuan
Rui Zhong
Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications
Applied Sciences
interest rate nowcasting
central bank communication
Hyena Hierarchy
Delta LoRA
long sequence processing
domain adaptation
title Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications
title_full Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications
title_fullStr Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications
title_full_unstemmed Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications
title_short Advanced Hyena Hierarchy Architectures for Predictive Modeling of Interest Rate Dynamics from Central Bank Communications
title_sort advanced hyena hierarchy architectures for predictive modeling of interest rate dynamics from central bank communications
topic interest rate nowcasting
central bank communication
Hyena Hierarchy
Delta LoRA
long sequence processing
domain adaptation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6420
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AT shijieyuan advancedhyenahierarchyarchitecturesforpredictivemodelingofinterestratedynamicsfromcentralbankcommunications
AT ruizhong advancedhyenahierarchyarchitecturesforpredictivemodelingofinterestratedynamicsfromcentralbankcommunications