Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots
Abamectin, a widely used pesticide with insecticidal, anthelmintic, and acaricidal properties, has raised safety concerns due to its toxic effects on certain non-target organisms. The toxicity of abamectin, the active ingredient in the commercial pesticide formulation Alopec®EC, was evaluated using...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
University of Belgrade, University of Novi Sad
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Archives of Biological Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0354-4664/2024/0354-46642400038I.pdf |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832581939603701760 |
|---|---|
| author | Ili Pinar Sari Fikret |
| author_facet | Ili Pinar Sari Fikret |
| author_sort | Ili Pinar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abamectin, a widely used pesticide with insecticidal, anthelmintic, and acaricidal properties, has raised safety concerns due to its toxic effects on certain non-target organisms. The toxicity of abamectin, the active ingredient in the commercial pesticide formulation Alopec®EC, was evaluated using cytogenetic and comet assays on Allium cepa root tips. Mitotic index (MI) and phase index (PI) values were used for cytotoxicity assessment. Chromosomal aberration (CA) frequencies in the dividing cells and comet data were used for genotoxicity assessment. The root growth test showed a significant concentration-based decline in root growth after abamectin exposure, with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 2.50 mg/L. Following 96-hour exposure to three concentrations of abamectin (1.25, 2.50, and 5.00 mg/L), cytogenetic and comet analyses indicated a significant concentration- and time-dependent decrease in the MI, alongside an increase in DNA damage. Additionally, there was a significant concentration-dependent rise in the total frequency of CAs. These findings show that abamectin is a pesticide with lethal effects on A. cepa root tip meristematic cells, even at lower concentrations, over prolonged exposure times, with CA-forming and DNA-damaging effects, and that it is highly cytotoxic and genotoxic. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2a34bc2c95e04c88b6b6431e9b3e1cca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0354-4664 1821-4339 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | University of Belgrade, University of Novi Sad |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Biological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-2a34bc2c95e04c88b6b6431e9b3e1cca2025-01-30T06:38:40ZengUniversity of Belgrade, University of Novi SadArchives of Biological Sciences0354-46641821-43392024-01-0176447749010.2298/ABS241025038I0354-46642400038IEvaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa rootsIli Pinar0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-1798Sari Fikret1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6141-0690Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Denizli Vocational School of Health Services, Pamukkale University, Denizli, TürkiyeDepartment of Plant and Animal Production, Tavas Vocational School, Pamukkale University, Denizli, TürkiyeAbamectin, a widely used pesticide with insecticidal, anthelmintic, and acaricidal properties, has raised safety concerns due to its toxic effects on certain non-target organisms. The toxicity of abamectin, the active ingredient in the commercial pesticide formulation Alopec®EC, was evaluated using cytogenetic and comet assays on Allium cepa root tips. Mitotic index (MI) and phase index (PI) values were used for cytotoxicity assessment. Chromosomal aberration (CA) frequencies in the dividing cells and comet data were used for genotoxicity assessment. The root growth test showed a significant concentration-based decline in root growth after abamectin exposure, with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 2.50 mg/L. Following 96-hour exposure to three concentrations of abamectin (1.25, 2.50, and 5.00 mg/L), cytogenetic and comet analyses indicated a significant concentration- and time-dependent decrease in the MI, alongside an increase in DNA damage. Additionally, there was a significant concentration-dependent rise in the total frequency of CAs. These findings show that abamectin is a pesticide with lethal effects on A. cepa root tip meristematic cells, even at lower concentrations, over prolonged exposure times, with CA-forming and DNA-damaging effects, and that it is highly cytotoxic and genotoxic.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0354-4664/2024/0354-46642400038I.pdfabamectintoxicitychromosomal aberrationdna damageallium cepa |
| spellingShingle | Ili Pinar Sari Fikret Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots Archives of Biological Sciences abamectin toxicity chromosomal aberration dna damage allium cepa |
| title | Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots |
| title_full | Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots |
| title_short | Evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin-based pesticide on Allium cepa roots |
| title_sort | evaluation of the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of an abamectin based pesticide on allium cepa roots |
| topic | abamectin toxicity chromosomal aberration dna damage allium cepa |
| url | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0354-4664/2024/0354-46642400038I.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ilipinar evaluationofthecytogeneticandgenotoxiceffectsofanabamectinbasedpesticideonalliumceparoots AT sarifikret evaluationofthecytogeneticandgenotoxiceffectsofanabamectinbasedpesticideonalliumceparoots |