Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole

Abstract Methane rain on Saturn's moon Titan makes it the only place, other than Earth, where rain interacts with the surface. When and where that rain wets the surface changes seasonally in ways that remain poorly understood. Here we report the discovery of a bright ephemeral feature covering...

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Main Authors: Rajani D. Dhingra, Jason W. Barnes, Robert H. Brown, Bonnie J. Burrati, Christophe Sotin, Phillip D. Nicholson, Kevin H. Baines, Roger N. Clark, Jason M. Soderblom, Ralf Jauman, Sebastien Rodriguez, Stéphane Le Mouélic, Elizabeth P. Turtle, Jason E. Perry, Valeria Cottini, Don E. Jennings
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-02-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080943
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author Rajani D. Dhingra
Jason W. Barnes
Robert H. Brown
Bonnie J. Burrati
Christophe Sotin
Phillip D. Nicholson
Kevin H. Baines
Roger N. Clark
Jason M. Soderblom
Ralf Jauman
Sebastien Rodriguez
Stéphane Le Mouélic
Elizabeth P. Turtle
Jason E. Perry
Valeria Cottini
Don E. Jennings
author_facet Rajani D. Dhingra
Jason W. Barnes
Robert H. Brown
Bonnie J. Burrati
Christophe Sotin
Phillip D. Nicholson
Kevin H. Baines
Roger N. Clark
Jason M. Soderblom
Ralf Jauman
Sebastien Rodriguez
Stéphane Le Mouélic
Elizabeth P. Turtle
Jason E. Perry
Valeria Cottini
Don E. Jennings
author_sort Rajani D. Dhingra
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Methane rain on Saturn's moon Titan makes it the only place, other than Earth, where rain interacts with the surface. When and where that rain wets the surface changes seasonally in ways that remain poorly understood. Here we report the discovery of a bright ephemeral feature covering an area of 120,000 km2 near Titan's north pole in observations from Cassini's near‐infrared instrument, Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer on 7 June 2016. Based on the overall brightness, spectral characteristics, and geologic context, we attribute this new feature to specular reflections from a rain‐wetted solid surface like those off of a sunlit wet sidewalk. The reported observation is the first documented rainfall event at Titan's north pole and heralds the arrival of the northern summer (through climatic evidence), which has been delayed relative to model predictions. This detection helps constrain Titan's seasonal change and shows that the “wet‐sidewalk effect can be used to identify other rain events.”
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series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-2a2c71c363a646fb8637fdd9816e0e322025-08-20T01:51:45ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072019-02-014631205121210.1029/2018GL080943Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North PoleRajani D. Dhingra0Jason W. Barnes1Robert H. Brown2Bonnie J. Burrati3Christophe Sotin4Phillip D. Nicholson5Kevin H. Baines6Roger N. Clark7Jason M. Soderblom8Ralf Jauman9Sebastien Rodriguez10Stéphane Le Mouélic11Elizabeth P. Turtle12Jason E. Perry13Valeria Cottini14Don E. Jennings15Department of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USADepartment of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USADepartment of Planetary Sciences University of Arizona TucsonAZ USAJet Propulsion Laboratory Caltech Pasadena CA USAJet Propulsion Laboratory Caltech Pasadena CA USAAstronomy Department Cornell University Ithaca NY USASpace Science and Engineering Center University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison WI USAPlanetary Science Institute Tucson AZ USADepartment of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USADeutsches Zentrum fr Luft‐ und Raumfahrt Cologne GermanyInstitut de Physique du Globe de Paris Paris FranceDepartment of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USADepartment of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USADepartment of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USADepartment of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USADepartment of Physics University of Idaho Moscow ID USAAbstract Methane rain on Saturn's moon Titan makes it the only place, other than Earth, where rain interacts with the surface. When and where that rain wets the surface changes seasonally in ways that remain poorly understood. Here we report the discovery of a bright ephemeral feature covering an area of 120,000 km2 near Titan's north pole in observations from Cassini's near‐infrared instrument, Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer on 7 June 2016. Based on the overall brightness, spectral characteristics, and geologic context, we attribute this new feature to specular reflections from a rain‐wetted solid surface like those off of a sunlit wet sidewalk. The reported observation is the first documented rainfall event at Titan's north pole and heralds the arrival of the northern summer (through climatic evidence), which has been delayed relative to model predictions. This detection helps constrain Titan's seasonal change and shows that the “wet‐sidewalk effect can be used to identify other rain events.”https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080943precipitation on Titan's north polebroad specular reflectionephemeral feature on Titan's north polewet‐sidewalk effectsurface roughnessrainfall on Titan
spellingShingle Rajani D. Dhingra
Jason W. Barnes
Robert H. Brown
Bonnie J. Burrati
Christophe Sotin
Phillip D. Nicholson
Kevin H. Baines
Roger N. Clark
Jason M. Soderblom
Ralf Jauman
Sebastien Rodriguez
Stéphane Le Mouélic
Elizabeth P. Turtle
Jason E. Perry
Valeria Cottini
Don E. Jennings
Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole
Geophysical Research Letters
precipitation on Titan's north pole
broad specular reflection
ephemeral feature on Titan's north pole
wet‐sidewalk effect
surface roughness
rainfall on Titan
title Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole
title_full Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole
title_fullStr Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole
title_full_unstemmed Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole
title_short Observational Evidence for Summer Rainfall at Titan's North Pole
title_sort observational evidence for summer rainfall at titan s north pole
topic precipitation on Titan's north pole
broad specular reflection
ephemeral feature on Titan's north pole
wet‐sidewalk effect
surface roughness
rainfall on Titan
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080943
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