A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles
Abstract This study presents the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles using commercially available precursors, including FeCl2·4H2O and C12H28O4Ti. The nanoparticles were coated with a silica layer and subsequently functionalized with 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES). To further enhance their pr...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95487-9 |
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| author | Abdulrahman A. Almehizia Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Anjan Kumar Vicky Jain Suhas Ballal Abhayveer Singh Karthikeyan Jayabalan Subhashree Ray Pranchal Rajput Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi |
| author_facet | Abdulrahman A. Almehizia Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Anjan Kumar Vicky Jain Suhas Ballal Abhayveer Singh Karthikeyan Jayabalan Subhashree Ray Pranchal Rajput Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi |
| author_sort | Abdulrahman A. Almehizia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study presents the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles using commercially available precursors, including FeCl2·4H2O and C12H28O4Ti. The nanoparticles were coated with a silica layer and subsequently functionalized with 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES). To further enhance their properties, quinoline-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (QDA) was attached to the nanoparticles’ surface. A novel palladium (Pd) complex was then immobilized on the functionalized TiFe2O4 MNPs, resulting in a magnetically recoverable, highly efficient, and selective nanocatalyst. Comprehensive characterization of the nanocatalyst was carried out using techniques such as VSM, XRD, EDS, SEM, BET, TGA, XPS, TEM, FT-IR, and ICP. The results demonstrated that the TiFe2O4@n-Pr@QDA-Pd nanocatalyst exhibited excellent efficiency, notable selectivity, and impressive reusability in the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives via [3 + 2] cycloaddition between sodium azide (NaN3) and organic nitrile derivatives. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-29c1c440de3147e8ba4de130e90b3eb5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-29c1c440de3147e8ba4de130e90b3eb52025-08-20T03:42:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-95487-9A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazolesAbdulrahman A. Almehizia0Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda1Anjan Kumar2Vicky Jain3Suhas Ballal4Abhayveer Singh5Karthikeyan Jayabalan6Subhashree Ray7Pranchal Rajput8Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi9Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityCollege of pharmacy, the Islamic UniversityDepartment of electronics and communication engineering, GLA UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University)Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara UniversityDepartment of CHEMISTRY, Sathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Biochemistry IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal UniversityArnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island UniversityAbstract This study presents the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles using commercially available precursors, including FeCl2·4H2O and C12H28O4Ti. The nanoparticles were coated with a silica layer and subsequently functionalized with 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES). To further enhance their properties, quinoline-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (QDA) was attached to the nanoparticles’ surface. A novel palladium (Pd) complex was then immobilized on the functionalized TiFe2O4 MNPs, resulting in a magnetically recoverable, highly efficient, and selective nanocatalyst. Comprehensive characterization of the nanocatalyst was carried out using techniques such as VSM, XRD, EDS, SEM, BET, TGA, XPS, TEM, FT-IR, and ICP. The results demonstrated that the TiFe2O4@n-Pr@QDA-Pd nanocatalyst exhibited excellent efficiency, notable selectivity, and impressive reusability in the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives via [3 + 2] cycloaddition between sodium azide (NaN3) and organic nitrile derivatives.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95487-9TiFe2O4CatalystQuinolineTetrazoles |
| spellingShingle | Abdulrahman A. Almehizia Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Anjan Kumar Vicky Jain Suhas Ballal Abhayveer Singh Karthikeyan Jayabalan Subhashree Ray Pranchal Rajput Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles Scientific Reports TiFe2O4 Catalyst Quinoline Tetrazoles |
| title | A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles |
| title_full | A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles |
| title_fullStr | A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles |
| title_full_unstemmed | A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles |
| title_short | A novel Pd complex coated on TiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles |
| title_sort | novel pd complex coated on tife2o4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 5 substituted 1h tetrazoles |
| topic | TiFe2O4 Catalyst Quinoline Tetrazoles |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95487-9 |
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