Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection
Varis Ruamviboonsuk,1,2 Wijak Kongwattananon,1,3 Natthaya Chuaypen4 1Department of Ophthalmology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Medical Science Program, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3...
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Dove Medical Press
2025-02-01
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| author | Ruamviboonsuk V Kongwattananon W Chuaypen N |
| author_facet | Ruamviboonsuk V Kongwattananon W Chuaypen N |
| author_sort | Ruamviboonsuk V |
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| description | Varis Ruamviboonsuk,1,2 Wijak Kongwattananon,1,3 Natthaya Chuaypen4 1Department of Ophthalmology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Medical Science Program, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Center of Excellence in Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 4Metabolic Diseases in Gut and Urinary System Research Unit (MeDGURU), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Wijak Kongwattananon, Center of Excellence in Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Tel +662 256 4000, Email wijak.k@chula.ac.thPurpose: Intravitreal brolucizumab, approved for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), may trigger immune responses leading to intraocular inflammation (IOI) by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study evaluates cytokine levels in the aqueous humor of patients before and after intravitreal brolucizumab injection.Patients and Methods: Fourteen eyes of fourteen participants with nAMD or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and who received intravitreal brolucizumab injection were included. Aqueous humor was collected before and 1 month following the injection. The aqueous cytokine profile was analyzed using a bead-based multiplex immunoassay. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon-signed rank test were used to analyze the results.Results: Ten eyes were diagnosed with PCV, and four were nAMD. The aqueous IL-8 and IL-22 levels were significantly increased after intravitreal brolucizumab injection with a mean change of 18.2 ± 32.57 pg/mL (95% CI − 0.61 to 37.01, p = 0.04) and 15.46 ± 24.14 pg/mL (95% CI 1.53– 29.40, p = 0.03), respectively. VEGF-A was significantly decreased with a mean change of − 915.4 ± 831.72 pg/mL (95% CI − 1395.62 to − 435.18, p < 0.01). One patient was diagnosed with IOI, and the cytokine profile showed increased in aqueous pro-inflammatory cytokines (Exotaxin, G-CSF, IL-8, IL-10, IL-22, IL-10, MCP-1 and TNF- α) and decreased in VEGF-A level compared with baseline.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a significant increase in aqueous pro-inflammatory cytokines in eyes treated with intravitreal brolucizumab. Nearly all eyes studied showed no clinical signs of intraocular inflammation. The results suggested that type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity could play a role in IOI following intravitreal brolucizumab injection.Keywords: anti-VEGF, intravitreal injection, inflammation, hypersensitivity, intravitreal injection |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-29ae5ea383534bbbae37b421fbbd0cb4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1177-5483 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
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| series | Clinical Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-29ae5ea383534bbbae37b421fbbd0cb42025-02-11T17:30:56ZengDove Medical PressClinical Ophthalmology1177-54832025-02-01Volume 19427437100033Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab InjectionRuamviboonsuk VKongwattananon WChuaypen NVaris Ruamviboonsuk,1,2 Wijak Kongwattananon,1,3 Natthaya Chuaypen4 1Department of Ophthalmology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Medical Science Program, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Center of Excellence in Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 4Metabolic Diseases in Gut and Urinary System Research Unit (MeDGURU), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Wijak Kongwattananon, Center of Excellence in Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Tel +662 256 4000, Email wijak.k@chula.ac.thPurpose: Intravitreal brolucizumab, approved for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), may trigger immune responses leading to intraocular inflammation (IOI) by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study evaluates cytokine levels in the aqueous humor of patients before and after intravitreal brolucizumab injection.Patients and Methods: Fourteen eyes of fourteen participants with nAMD or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and who received intravitreal brolucizumab injection were included. Aqueous humor was collected before and 1 month following the injection. The aqueous cytokine profile was analyzed using a bead-based multiplex immunoassay. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon-signed rank test were used to analyze the results.Results: Ten eyes were diagnosed with PCV, and four were nAMD. The aqueous IL-8 and IL-22 levels were significantly increased after intravitreal brolucizumab injection with a mean change of 18.2 ± 32.57 pg/mL (95% CI − 0.61 to 37.01, p = 0.04) and 15.46 ± 24.14 pg/mL (95% CI 1.53– 29.40, p = 0.03), respectively. VEGF-A was significantly decreased with a mean change of − 915.4 ± 831.72 pg/mL (95% CI − 1395.62 to − 435.18, p < 0.01). One patient was diagnosed with IOI, and the cytokine profile showed increased in aqueous pro-inflammatory cytokines (Exotaxin, G-CSF, IL-8, IL-10, IL-22, IL-10, MCP-1 and TNF- α) and decreased in VEGF-A level compared with baseline.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a significant increase in aqueous pro-inflammatory cytokines in eyes treated with intravitreal brolucizumab. Nearly all eyes studied showed no clinical signs of intraocular inflammation. The results suggested that type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity could play a role in IOI following intravitreal brolucizumab injection.Keywords: anti-VEGF, intravitreal injection, inflammation, hypersensitivity, intravitreal injectionhttps://www.dovepress.com/changes-in-aqueous-humor-cytokine-profile-following-intravitreal-brolu-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTHanti-vegfintravitreal injectioninflammationhypersensitivityintravitreal injection |
| spellingShingle | Ruamviboonsuk V Kongwattananon W Chuaypen N Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection Clinical Ophthalmology anti-vegf intravitreal injection inflammation hypersensitivity intravitreal injection |
| title | Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection |
| title_full | Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection |
| title_short | Changes in Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile Following Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection |
| title_sort | changes in aqueous humor cytokine profile following intravitreal brolucizumab injection |
| topic | anti-vegf intravitreal injection inflammation hypersensitivity intravitreal injection |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/changes-in-aqueous-humor-cytokine-profile-following-intravitreal-brolu-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruamviboonsukv changesinaqueoushumorcytokineprofilefollowingintravitrealbrolucizumabinjection AT kongwattananonw changesinaqueoushumorcytokineprofilefollowingintravitrealbrolucizumabinjection AT chuaypenn changesinaqueoushumorcytokineprofilefollowingintravitrealbrolucizumabinjection |