Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults

Abstract Background Ensuring a nutritious and sustainable diet for an expanding population presents a formidable challenge. In response to this pressing issue, the EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed a sustainable diet framework. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Planetary Heal...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maryam Karim Dehnavi, Razieh Tabaeifard, Hanieh Abbasi, Parisa Nezhad Hajian, Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh, Nick Bellissimo, Leila Azadbakht
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Public Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23054-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849730955564023808
author Maryam Karim Dehnavi
Razieh Tabaeifard
Hanieh Abbasi
Parisa Nezhad Hajian
Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
Nick Bellissimo
Leila Azadbakht
author_facet Maryam Karim Dehnavi
Razieh Tabaeifard
Hanieh Abbasi
Parisa Nezhad Hajian
Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
Nick Bellissimo
Leila Azadbakht
author_sort Maryam Karim Dehnavi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Ensuring a nutritious and sustainable diet for an expanding population presents a formidable challenge. In response to this pressing issue, the EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed a sustainable diet framework. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Planetary Health Diet (PHDI), Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), and anthropometric indices among Iranian elders. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 398 participants aged ≥ 60 y were included. Dietary data was collected using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire and the DDS was computed based on five distinct food groups. Anthropometric measurements were conducted by standard protocol to derive relevant indices. Binary logistic and linear regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were employed to analyze the association between adherence to PHDI and outcomes of interest using SPSS version 26. Result Subjects had a mean age of 63.28 years (SD = 3.58), ranging from 60 to 84 years, of whom 50% were females. PHDI was categorized into tertiles, with 34.7% of individuals in the highest tertile. Highest adherence to PHDI, compared to the lowest, was found to be inversely associated with a lower probability of high BMI (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.56), WC (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.90), and BRI (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.75) in fully adjusted models. Additionally, every 10-point increase in PHDI was linked to a 38%, 25%, and 28% decrease in odds of high BMI, WC, and BRI, respectively, after adjustments for potential confounders. Notably, no significant associations were observed between PHDI and other anthropometric indices or DDS in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion In conclusion, this study reveals a negative association between adherence to EAT-Lancet recommendations (PHDI) and unfavorable anthropometric measures in Iranian older adults. These findings suggest that promoting diets aligned with the EAT-Lancet guidelines may support healthier aging and help prevent obesity-related health risks. Further, prospective studies are needed to confirm these results and inform public health strategies.
format Article
id doaj-art-29aa4471a2f244ffa848045356b8d525
institution DOAJ
issn 1471-2458
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Public Health
spelling doaj-art-29aa4471a2f244ffa848045356b8d5252025-08-20T03:08:43ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-05-0125111410.1186/s12889-025-23054-yAdherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adultsMaryam Karim Dehnavi0Razieh Tabaeifard1Hanieh Abbasi2Parisa Nezhad Hajian3Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh4Nick Bellissimo5Leila Azadbakht6Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesSchool of Nutrition, Toronto Metropolitan UniversityDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Ensuring a nutritious and sustainable diet for an expanding population presents a formidable challenge. In response to this pressing issue, the EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed a sustainable diet framework. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Planetary Health Diet (PHDI), Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), and anthropometric indices among Iranian elders. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 398 participants aged ≥ 60 y were included. Dietary data was collected using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire and the DDS was computed based on five distinct food groups. Anthropometric measurements were conducted by standard protocol to derive relevant indices. Binary logistic and linear regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were employed to analyze the association between adherence to PHDI and outcomes of interest using SPSS version 26. Result Subjects had a mean age of 63.28 years (SD = 3.58), ranging from 60 to 84 years, of whom 50% were females. PHDI was categorized into tertiles, with 34.7% of individuals in the highest tertile. Highest adherence to PHDI, compared to the lowest, was found to be inversely associated with a lower probability of high BMI (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.56), WC (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.90), and BRI (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.75) in fully adjusted models. Additionally, every 10-point increase in PHDI was linked to a 38%, 25%, and 28% decrease in odds of high BMI, WC, and BRI, respectively, after adjustments for potential confounders. Notably, no significant associations were observed between PHDI and other anthropometric indices or DDS in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion In conclusion, this study reveals a negative association between adherence to EAT-Lancet recommendations (PHDI) and unfavorable anthropometric measures in Iranian older adults. These findings suggest that promoting diets aligned with the EAT-Lancet guidelines may support healthier aging and help prevent obesity-related health risks. Further, prospective studies are needed to confirm these results and inform public health strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23054-yEAT-Lancet CommissionPlanetary Health Diet IndexDietary diversityAnthropometric indices
spellingShingle Maryam Karim Dehnavi
Razieh Tabaeifard
Hanieh Abbasi
Parisa Nezhad Hajian
Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
Nick Bellissimo
Leila Azadbakht
Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults
BMC Public Health
EAT-Lancet Commission
Planetary Health Diet Index
Dietary diversity
Anthropometric indices
title Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults
title_full Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults
title_fullStr Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults
title_full_unstemmed Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults
title_short Adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among Iranian older adults
title_sort adherence to planetary health diet index in relation to dietary diversity score and anthropometric indices among iranian older adults
topic EAT-Lancet Commission
Planetary Health Diet Index
Dietary diversity
Anthropometric indices
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23054-y
work_keys_str_mv AT maryamkarimdehnavi adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults
AT raziehtabaeifard adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults
AT haniehabbasi adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults
AT parisanezhadhajian adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults
AT ahmadrezadorostymotlagh adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults
AT nickbellissimo adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults
AT leilaazadbakht adherencetoplanetaryhealthdietindexinrelationtodietarydiversityscoreandanthropometricindicesamongiranianolderadults