Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS)
We adapted the SCoTS from the Collegiate Psychological Sense of Community Scale to measure religious/spiritual (R/S) community and belonging among college students. Emerging research indicates that participation and involvement in R/S groups among college students has been associated with their succ...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Psychology International |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-9844/7/1/8 |
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| author | Christopher R. Dabbs Carrie L. Winterowd Elizabeth A. Albright Tiffany Kolba Tianna Etes Bronson K. Snyder Jeffery Logan Riddle Kidist A. Beker |
| author_facet | Christopher R. Dabbs Carrie L. Winterowd Elizabeth A. Albright Tiffany Kolba Tianna Etes Bronson K. Snyder Jeffery Logan Riddle Kidist A. Beker |
| author_sort | Christopher R. Dabbs |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We adapted the SCoTS from the Collegiate Psychological Sense of Community Scale to measure religious/spiritual (R/S) community and belonging among college students. Emerging research indicates that participation and involvement in R/S groups among college students has been associated with their success, quality of life, and well-being. Development of the SCoTS included item reformatting, scale restructuring, exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent/discriminant analyses. Results in Study 1 show support for both one- and two-factor solutions in a sample of 357 university students. We named our loaded factors Belonging and Member Involvement. In Study 2, our confirmatory factor analyses with a sample of 399 university students affirmed a two-factor solution. Analyses showed unique aspects of the SCoTS when compared to similar measures. We end with a discussion of the implications and utility of the SCoTS for clinicians, healthcare providers, and educators. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-298ae8da24314b1fb399ca14a3a72724 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2813-9844 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Psychology International |
| spelling | doaj-art-298ae8da24314b1fb399ca14a3a727242025-08-20T02:43:06ZengMDPI AGPsychology International2813-98442025-01-0171810.3390/psycholint7010008Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS)Christopher R. Dabbs0Carrie L. Winterowd1Elizabeth A. Albright2Tiffany Kolba3Tianna Etes4Bronson K. Snyder5Jeffery Logan Riddle6Kidist A. Beker7Department of Psychological Sciences & Counseling, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USASchool of Community Sciences, Counseling & Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USADepartment of Psychology, Langston University, Langston, OK 73050, USADepartment of Mathematics & Statistics, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USASchool of Community Sciences, Counseling & Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USASchool of Community Sciences, Counseling & Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USASchool of Community Sciences, Counseling & Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USASchool of Community Sciences, Counseling & Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USAWe adapted the SCoTS from the Collegiate Psychological Sense of Community Scale to measure religious/spiritual (R/S) community and belonging among college students. Emerging research indicates that participation and involvement in R/S groups among college students has been associated with their success, quality of life, and well-being. Development of the SCoTS included item reformatting, scale restructuring, exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent/discriminant analyses. Results in Study 1 show support for both one- and two-factor solutions in a sample of 357 university students. We named our loaded factors Belonging and Member Involvement. In Study 2, our confirmatory factor analyses with a sample of 399 university students affirmed a two-factor solution. Analyses showed unique aspects of the SCoTS when compared to similar measures. We end with a discussion of the implications and utility of the SCoTS for clinicians, healthcare providers, and educators.https://www.mdpi.com/2813-9844/7/1/8spiritual communitytogethernessbelongingmental healthcollege studentsfactor analysis |
| spellingShingle | Christopher R. Dabbs Carrie L. Winterowd Elizabeth A. Albright Tiffany Kolba Tianna Etes Bronson K. Snyder Jeffery Logan Riddle Kidist A. Beker Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS) Psychology International spiritual community togetherness belonging mental health college students factor analysis |
| title | Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS) |
| title_full | Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS) |
| title_fullStr | Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS) |
| title_short | Adaptation, Development, and Validation of the Spiritual Community and Togetherness Scale (SCoTS) |
| title_sort | adaptation development and validation of the spiritual community and togetherness scale scots |
| topic | spiritual community togetherness belonging mental health college students factor analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-9844/7/1/8 |
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