<i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells

The normal development of ovarian follicles, characterized by oocyte growth and granulosa cell proliferation, is essential for maintaining female fertility. Elevated oxidative stress, resulting from various in vivo and in vitro factors, significantly impairs follicular development, ovulation, and ov...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Luoyu Mo, Gan Yang, Dongju Liu, Huai Zhang, Xiaodong Dong, Fuyong Li, Ziqian Huang, Dini Zhang, Yan Xiong, Xianrong Xiong, Honghong He, Jian Li, Shi Yin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Antioxidants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/794
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849407094710599680
author Luoyu Mo
Gan Yang
Dongju Liu
Huai Zhang
Xiaodong Dong
Fuyong Li
Ziqian Huang
Dini Zhang
Yan Xiong
Xianrong Xiong
Honghong He
Jian Li
Shi Yin
author_facet Luoyu Mo
Gan Yang
Dongju Liu
Huai Zhang
Xiaodong Dong
Fuyong Li
Ziqian Huang
Dini Zhang
Yan Xiong
Xianrong Xiong
Honghong He
Jian Li
Shi Yin
author_sort Luoyu Mo
collection DOAJ
description The normal development of ovarian follicles, characterized by oocyte growth and granulosa cell proliferation, is essential for maintaining female fertility. Elevated oxidative stress, resulting from various in vivo and in vitro factors, significantly impairs follicular development, ovulation, and overall female fertility. <i>Swertiamarin</i>, a naturally occurring iridoid terpenoid compound, exhibits multiple beneficial properties, including anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant effects. This study investigates the impact of <i>Swertiamarin</i> on follicular development impairment induced by oxidative stress, using the commonly applied oxidant 3-nitrophthalic acid (3-NPA) in a murine model. Our findings indicate that <i>Swertiamarin</i> administration mitigates the adverse effects of 3-NPA on follicular development and ovulation. Further analyses reveal that <i>Swertiamarin</i> treatment partially enhances granulosa cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis under oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, <i>Swertiamarin</i> reduces oxidative stress in ovaries and granulosa cells exposed to 3-NPA. The expression levels of key members of the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf2</i>), heme oxygenase 1 (<i>Ho-1</i>), and superoxide dismutase 1 (<i>Sod1</i>), were upregulated following <i>Swertiamarin</i> supplementation in 3-NPA-treated ovaries and granulosa cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that <i>Swertiamarin</i> can partially restore defective follicular development induced by oxidative stress via modulating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway in granulosa cells. These findings provide novel insights into the potential application of <i>Swertiamarin</i> in enhancing female reproductive health and offer a promising strategy for addressing reproductive damage caused by oxidative stress.
format Article
id doaj-art-297fddeb4460425f98af75df3c5391f4
institution Kabale University
issn 2076-3921
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Antioxidants
spelling doaj-art-297fddeb4460425f98af75df3c5391f42025-08-20T03:36:11ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-06-0114779410.3390/antiox14070794<i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa CellsLuoyu Mo0Gan Yang1Dongju Liu2Huai Zhang3Xiaodong Dong4Fuyong Li5Ziqian Huang6Dini Zhang7Yan Xiong8Xianrong Xiong9Honghong He10Jian Li11Shi Yin12College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaThe normal development of ovarian follicles, characterized by oocyte growth and granulosa cell proliferation, is essential for maintaining female fertility. Elevated oxidative stress, resulting from various in vivo and in vitro factors, significantly impairs follicular development, ovulation, and overall female fertility. <i>Swertiamarin</i>, a naturally occurring iridoid terpenoid compound, exhibits multiple beneficial properties, including anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant effects. This study investigates the impact of <i>Swertiamarin</i> on follicular development impairment induced by oxidative stress, using the commonly applied oxidant 3-nitrophthalic acid (3-NPA) in a murine model. Our findings indicate that <i>Swertiamarin</i> administration mitigates the adverse effects of 3-NPA on follicular development and ovulation. Further analyses reveal that <i>Swertiamarin</i> treatment partially enhances granulosa cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis under oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, <i>Swertiamarin</i> reduces oxidative stress in ovaries and granulosa cells exposed to 3-NPA. The expression levels of key members of the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf2</i>), heme oxygenase 1 (<i>Ho-1</i>), and superoxide dismutase 1 (<i>Sod1</i>), were upregulated following <i>Swertiamarin</i> supplementation in 3-NPA-treated ovaries and granulosa cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that <i>Swertiamarin</i> can partially restore defective follicular development induced by oxidative stress via modulating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway in granulosa cells. These findings provide novel insights into the potential application of <i>Swertiamarin</i> in enhancing female reproductive health and offer a promising strategy for addressing reproductive damage caused by oxidative stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/794<i>Swertiamarin</i>oxidative stressfollicle developmentgranulosa cellNRF2/HO-1 pathway
spellingShingle Luoyu Mo
Gan Yang
Dongju Liu
Huai Zhang
Xiaodong Dong
Fuyong Li
Ziqian Huang
Dini Zhang
Yan Xiong
Xianrong Xiong
Honghong He
Jian Li
Shi Yin
<i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells
Antioxidants
<i>Swertiamarin</i>
oxidative stress
follicle development
granulosa cell
NRF2/HO-1 pathway
title <i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells
title_full <i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells
title_fullStr <i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells
title_full_unstemmed <i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells
title_short <i>Swertiamarin</i> Rescues 3-NPA-Induced Defective Follicular Development via Modulating the NRF2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Granulosa Cells
title_sort i swertiamarin i rescues 3 npa induced defective follicular development via modulating the nrf2 ho 1 signaling pathway in granulosa cells
topic <i>Swertiamarin</i>
oxidative stress
follicle development
granulosa cell
NRF2/HO-1 pathway
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/794
work_keys_str_mv AT luoyumo iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT ganyang iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT dongjuliu iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT huaizhang iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT xiaodongdong iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT fuyongli iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT ziqianhuang iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT dinizhang iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT yanxiong iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT xianrongxiong iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT honghonghe iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT jianli iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells
AT shiyin iswertiamarinirescues3npainduceddefectivefolliculardevelopmentviamodulatingthenrf2ho1signalingpathwayingranulosacells