Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), analyzed through immunohistochemistry, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews a...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Hannah Gil de Farias Morais Caroline Fernandes da Costa Maurília Raquel de Souto Medeiros Bárbara de Assis Araújo Everton Freitas de Morais Ricardo D. Coletta Roseana de Almeida Freitas |
| author_facet | Hannah Gil de Farias Morais Caroline Fernandes da Costa Maurília Raquel de Souto Medeiros Bárbara de Assis Araújo Everton Freitas de Morais Ricardo D. Coletta Roseana de Almeida Freitas |
| author_sort | Hannah Gil de Farias Morais |
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| description | This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), analyzed through immunohistochemistry, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Searches were performed in EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. After applying the study criteria, 59 articles were included, involving the analysis of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, and endothelial cells. It was found that TME rich in α-SMA-positive CAFs, tumor-associated macrophages, and dendritic cells contribute to the invasion and progression of OSCC, resulting in a poorer prognosis. In contrast, the presence of high amounts of NK CD57<sup>+</sup> cells, CD8<sup>+</sup>/CD45RO<sup>+</sup> T cells, and PNAd<sup>+</sup> endothelial cells are associated with anti-tumor immune responses in OSCC and improved survival rates. CD3<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, Treg cells, B cells, and mast cells have shown little to no evidence of prognostic utility. Several stromal components of TME were found to have a strong impact on the aggressiveness of OSCC, reaffirming the potential use of these biomarkers as prognostic tools and therapeutic targets. |
| format | Article |
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| series | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-296a241ef0bb43c49c3dc65c75c3505d2025-08-20T03:36:14ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452025-07-0147754410.3390/cimb47070544Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic ReviewHannah Gil de Farias Morais0Caroline Fernandes da Costa1Maurília Raquel de Souto Medeiros2Bárbara de Assis Araújo3Everton Freitas de Morais4Ricardo D. Coletta5Roseana de Almeida Freitas6Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59056-000, RN, BrazilDepartment of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59056-000, RN, BrazilDepartment of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59056-000, RN, BrazilDepartment of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59056-000, RN, BrazilPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilDepartment of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59056-000, RN, BrazilThis study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), analyzed through immunohistochemistry, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Searches were performed in EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. After applying the study criteria, 59 articles were included, involving the analysis of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, and endothelial cells. It was found that TME rich in α-SMA-positive CAFs, tumor-associated macrophages, and dendritic cells contribute to the invasion and progression of OSCC, resulting in a poorer prognosis. In contrast, the presence of high amounts of NK CD57<sup>+</sup> cells, CD8<sup>+</sup>/CD45RO<sup>+</sup> T cells, and PNAd<sup>+</sup> endothelial cells are associated with anti-tumor immune responses in OSCC and improved survival rates. CD3<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, Treg cells, B cells, and mast cells have shown little to no evidence of prognostic utility. Several stromal components of TME were found to have a strong impact on the aggressiveness of OSCC, reaffirming the potential use of these biomarkers as prognostic tools and therapeutic targets.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/7/544oral squamous cell carcinomaoral cancertumor microenvironmentprognosisimmunohistochemistry |
| spellingShingle | Hannah Gil de Farias Morais Caroline Fernandes da Costa Maurília Raquel de Souto Medeiros Bárbara de Assis Araújo Everton Freitas de Morais Ricardo D. Coletta Roseana de Almeida Freitas Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review Current Issues in Molecular Biology oral squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer tumor microenvironment prognosis immunohistochemistry |
| title | Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Detection of Cellular Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | prognostic value of the immunohistochemical detection of cellular components of the tumor microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma a systematic review |
| topic | oral squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer tumor microenvironment prognosis immunohistochemistry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/7/544 |
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