Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context
BackgroundDiet quality is a determinant of healthy aging and contributes to reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancers, which impose considerable burdens on healthcare systems in China. Despite significant nutritional guidelines, older adults’ adheren...
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| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1610598/full |
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| author | Lina Wu Lina Wu Xi Chen Hui Feng Shouzhen Cheng |
| author_facet | Lina Wu Lina Wu Xi Chen Hui Feng Shouzhen Cheng |
| author_sort | Lina Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDiet quality is a determinant of healthy aging and contributes to reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancers, which impose considerable burdens on healthcare systems in China. Despite significant nutritional guidelines, older adults’ adherence to healthy eating remains inadequate. Understanding the determinants is essential for improving their adherence. Eating motivation is a key factor in exploring the reasons behind food choices.MethodsBrislin’s classical translation model was rigorously utilized to translate the Eating Motivation Survey (TEMS) into Chinese, involving forward translation, back translation, and expert consultation by a panel of healthcare and nutrition specialists. Cognitive interviews were conducted for further adaptation to assess clarity, intelligibility, and cultural appropriateness, following the Cognitive Interviewing Reporting Framework (CIRF). After linguistic adaptation, the Chinese version of TEMS was used on eligible older adults to test the reliability and validity.ResultsCognitive interviews conducted with 23 participants over 3 iterative rounds revealed issues with item wording, font size, and layout. Additionally, 249 elderly community residents participated in testing the reliability and validity. A total of 12 items were reworded to adapt the instrument to Chinese culture while maintaining their conceptual objectives. Colloquial words were revised and the formatting was adjusted with 1.5 line spacing and a font size of 14 in SimSun font to enhance readability. Practical examples were added to improve item comprehension, particularly for less-educated respondents. The results indicated that Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.772, and the split-half coefficient was 0.871.ConclusionThis study successfully adapts TEMS to the Chinese context, providing a reliable and culturally sensitive measure of eating motivations, which is crucial for developing effective dietary interventions to enhance diet quality and promote healthy aging. The study underscores the importance of considering linguistic and cultural nuances in cross-cultural instrument adaptation and offers insights for future studies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-29677e0ad84d413a8878b60c4c7b3e8e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-29677e0ad84d413a8878b60c4c7b3e8e2025-08-20T04:02:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-07-011210.3389/fnut.2025.16105981610598Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese contextLina Wu0Lina Wu1Xi Chen2Hui Feng3Shouzhen Cheng4The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaXiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaBackgroundDiet quality is a determinant of healthy aging and contributes to reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancers, which impose considerable burdens on healthcare systems in China. Despite significant nutritional guidelines, older adults’ adherence to healthy eating remains inadequate. Understanding the determinants is essential for improving their adherence. Eating motivation is a key factor in exploring the reasons behind food choices.MethodsBrislin’s classical translation model was rigorously utilized to translate the Eating Motivation Survey (TEMS) into Chinese, involving forward translation, back translation, and expert consultation by a panel of healthcare and nutrition specialists. Cognitive interviews were conducted for further adaptation to assess clarity, intelligibility, and cultural appropriateness, following the Cognitive Interviewing Reporting Framework (CIRF). After linguistic adaptation, the Chinese version of TEMS was used on eligible older adults to test the reliability and validity.ResultsCognitive interviews conducted with 23 participants over 3 iterative rounds revealed issues with item wording, font size, and layout. Additionally, 249 elderly community residents participated in testing the reliability and validity. A total of 12 items were reworded to adapt the instrument to Chinese culture while maintaining their conceptual objectives. Colloquial words were revised and the formatting was adjusted with 1.5 line spacing and a font size of 14 in SimSun font to enhance readability. Practical examples were added to improve item comprehension, particularly for less-educated respondents. The results indicated that Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.772, and the split-half coefficient was 0.871.ConclusionThis study successfully adapts TEMS to the Chinese context, providing a reliable and culturally sensitive measure of eating motivations, which is crucial for developing effective dietary interventions to enhance diet quality and promote healthy aging. The study underscores the importance of considering linguistic and cultural nuances in cross-cultural instrument adaptation and offers insights for future studies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1610598/fulleating motivationfood choicelinguistic validationcognitive interviewhealthy aging |
| spellingShingle | Lina Wu Lina Wu Xi Chen Hui Feng Shouzhen Cheng Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context Frontiers in Nutrition eating motivation food choice linguistic validation cognitive interview healthy aging |
| title | Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context |
| title_full | Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context |
| title_fullStr | Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context |
| title_short | Cross-cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the Chinese context |
| title_sort | cross cultural translation and linguistic validation of the eating motivation survey among older adults in the chinese context |
| topic | eating motivation food choice linguistic validation cognitive interview healthy aging |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1610598/full |
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