Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia

Introduction: Intestinal parasites have an insidious impact on human health. In response to high parasite frequencies in Northwest Ethiopia, mass drug administration (MDA) is provided for school children using albendazole/mebendazole (since 2007) and praziquantel (since 2015). The study objective w...

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Main Authors: Ayenew Addisu, Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke, Abebe Genetu Bayih, Hannock Tweya, Collins Timire, Werku Techilo, Edward Mberu Kamau, Florian Vogt, Kristien Verdonck
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2020-06-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/11729
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author Ayenew Addisu
Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke
Abebe Genetu Bayih
Hannock Tweya
Collins Timire
Werku Techilo
Edward Mberu Kamau
Florian Vogt
Kristien Verdonck
author_facet Ayenew Addisu
Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke
Abebe Genetu Bayih
Hannock Tweya
Collins Timire
Werku Techilo
Edward Mberu Kamau
Florian Vogt
Kristien Verdonck
author_sort Ayenew Addisu
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Intestinal parasites have an insidious impact on human health. In response to high parasite frequencies in Northwest Ethiopia, mass drug administration (MDA) is provided for school children using albendazole/mebendazole (since 2007) and praziquantel (since 2015). The study objective was to assess trends and seasonal patterns of intestinal parasite infections in a context of MDA. Methodology: This was a descriptive study collecting routine data from laboratory registers in two health centres in Denbia district, Amhara region. Stool test results (wet-mount direct microscopy) from patients attending these centres between 2013 and 2018 were included. Frequencies of different parasite species were evaluated within and across the years and stratified by age and gender. Results: From a total of 8002 stool test results, the overall parasite frequency was 53.3%; this proportion remained constant. The most frequently diagnosed soil-transmitted helminths (STH) were Ascaris lumbricoides (16.9%) and hookworm (3.9%). STH frequency varied over the years, but was similar at the beginning (20.0%) and the end (22.0%) of the six-year period. STH infections were more frequent in winter (December-February; 20.4%) than in other seasons (16.0%). The most frequently diagnosed protozoa were Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (18.5%) and Giardia lamblia (12.2%). The frequency of Giardia steadily increased from 9.6% in 2013 to 15.3% in 2018. E. histolytica/dispar peaked in summer and G. lamblia in autumn. Conclusions: Trends in routine laboratories may be a proxy for a status quo in the community. These findings suggest that higher MDA coverages and/or interventions beyond MDA are needed to reduce intestinal parasite-related morbidity.
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spelling doaj-art-294e9b4fe2b649cd88b593610cdd69312025-08-20T02:27:23ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802020-06-011406.110.3855/jidc.11729Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest EthiopiaAyenew Addisu0Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke1Abebe Genetu Bayih2Hannock Tweya3Collins Timire4Werku Techilo5Edward Mberu Kamau6Florian Vogt7 Kristien Verdonck8Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaInternational Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, FranceInternational Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, FranceWest Denbia District Health office, West Denbia, EthiopiaSpecial Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium Introduction: Intestinal parasites have an insidious impact on human health. In response to high parasite frequencies in Northwest Ethiopia, mass drug administration (MDA) is provided for school children using albendazole/mebendazole (since 2007) and praziquantel (since 2015). The study objective was to assess trends and seasonal patterns of intestinal parasite infections in a context of MDA. Methodology: This was a descriptive study collecting routine data from laboratory registers in two health centres in Denbia district, Amhara region. Stool test results (wet-mount direct microscopy) from patients attending these centres between 2013 and 2018 were included. Frequencies of different parasite species were evaluated within and across the years and stratified by age and gender. Results: From a total of 8002 stool test results, the overall parasite frequency was 53.3%; this proportion remained constant. The most frequently diagnosed soil-transmitted helminths (STH) were Ascaris lumbricoides (16.9%) and hookworm (3.9%). STH frequency varied over the years, but was similar at the beginning (20.0%) and the end (22.0%) of the six-year period. STH infections were more frequent in winter (December-February; 20.4%) than in other seasons (16.0%). The most frequently diagnosed protozoa were Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (18.5%) and Giardia lamblia (12.2%). The frequency of Giardia steadily increased from 9.6% in 2013 to 15.3% in 2018. E. histolytica/dispar peaked in summer and G. lamblia in autumn. Conclusions: Trends in routine laboratories may be a proxy for a status quo in the community. These findings suggest that higher MDA coverages and/or interventions beyond MDA are needed to reduce intestinal parasite-related morbidity. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/11729Ethiopiasoil-transmitted helminthsintestinal protozoaroutine laboratoryretrospective
spellingShingle Ayenew Addisu
Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke
Abebe Genetu Bayih
Hannock Tweya
Collins Timire
Werku Techilo
Edward Mberu Kamau
Florian Vogt
Kristien Verdonck
Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Ethiopia
soil-transmitted helminths
intestinal protozoa
routine laboratory
retrospective
title Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia
title_full Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia
title_fullStr Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia
title_short Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia
title_sort trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in northwest ethiopia
topic Ethiopia
soil-transmitted helminths
intestinal protozoa
routine laboratory
retrospective
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/11729
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