A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation

To address the challenge faced by grid-connected energy storage systems using the typical Virtual Synchronous Generator (TVSG) control strategy in balancing both steady-state and dynamic performance during active power reference changes and grid frequency disturbances, this paper proposes a bidirect...

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Main Authors: Yiqi Liu, HengKe Zhang, Yucheng Wu, Xiao Yu, Mingfei Ban, Gang Zheng, Jiawei Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525000018
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author Yiqi Liu
HengKe Zhang
Yucheng Wu
Xiao Yu
Mingfei Ban
Gang Zheng
Jiawei Zhang
author_facet Yiqi Liu
HengKe Zhang
Yucheng Wu
Xiao Yu
Mingfei Ban
Gang Zheng
Jiawei Zhang
author_sort Yiqi Liu
collection DOAJ
description To address the challenge faced by grid-connected energy storage systems using the typical Virtual Synchronous Generator (TVSG) control strategy in balancing both steady-state and dynamic performance during active power reference changes and grid frequency disturbances, this paper proposes a bidirectional proportional damping control (BPDC) strategy. This strategy introduces a proportional component to replace the traditional damping source, resolving the conflict between steady-state performance and dynamic response. The proportional component acts as both a frequency feedback controller and a power feedforward compensator, allowing significant improvement in dynamic performance during active power reference and grid frequency disturbances by adjusting only one proportional coefficient without altering the original inertia characteristics or introducing steady-state error. This paper first establishes small-signal transfer function models for the TVSG and the BPDC-based VSG (BPDC-VSG), conducts a detailed theoretical analysis, and compares the results with existing damping strategies. The results indicate that BPDC-VSG offers higher efficiency and simplified design in performance optimization, parameter tuning, and control structure complexity. Finally, simulations are conducted to compare the performance of BPDC-VSG with other damping strategies under power and grid frequency disturbances. The results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in enhancing both steady-state and dynamic performance.© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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issn 0142-0615
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publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Elsevier
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series International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
spelling doaj-art-294dd5da7a9347e6a72fd5adba93a9ae2025-08-20T02:43:43ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems0142-06152025-04-0116511045010.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110450A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulationYiqi Liu0HengKe Zhang1Yucheng Wu2Xiao Yu3Mingfei Ban4Gang Zheng5Jiawei Zhang6College of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaCorresponding author.; College of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaTo address the challenge faced by grid-connected energy storage systems using the typical Virtual Synchronous Generator (TVSG) control strategy in balancing both steady-state and dynamic performance during active power reference changes and grid frequency disturbances, this paper proposes a bidirectional proportional damping control (BPDC) strategy. This strategy introduces a proportional component to replace the traditional damping source, resolving the conflict between steady-state performance and dynamic response. The proportional component acts as both a frequency feedback controller and a power feedforward compensator, allowing significant improvement in dynamic performance during active power reference and grid frequency disturbances by adjusting only one proportional coefficient without altering the original inertia characteristics or introducing steady-state error. This paper first establishes small-signal transfer function models for the TVSG and the BPDC-based VSG (BPDC-VSG), conducts a detailed theoretical analysis, and compares the results with existing damping strategies. The results indicate that BPDC-VSG offers higher efficiency and simplified design in performance optimization, parameter tuning, and control structure complexity. Finally, simulations are conducted to compare the performance of BPDC-VSG with other damping strategies under power and grid frequency disturbances. The results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in enhancing both steady-state and dynamic performance.© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525000018Grid-Forming energy storageBidirectional proportionalSmall-signal closed-loop modelVirtual Synchronous Generator
spellingShingle Yiqi Liu
HengKe Zhang
Yucheng Wu
Xiao Yu
Mingfei Ban
Gang Zheng
Jiawei Zhang
A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
Grid-Forming energy storage
Bidirectional proportional
Small-signal closed-loop model
Virtual Synchronous Generator
title A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
title_full A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
title_fullStr A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
title_full_unstemmed A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
title_short A grid-forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
title_sort grid forming energy storage damping strategy based on bidirectional proportional regulation
topic Grid-Forming energy storage
Bidirectional proportional
Small-signal closed-loop model
Virtual Synchronous Generator
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525000018
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