Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions
A real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) system of an airplane composite wing with adjustable damage is reported, where testing under realistic flight conditions is carried out in the controllable and repeatable environment of an industrial wind tunnel. An FBG-based sensing array monitors a de...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/14/4423 |
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| author | Yoav Ofir Uri Ben-Simon Shay Shoham Iddo Kressel Bernardino Galasso Umberto Mercurio Antonio Concilio Gianvito Apuleo Jonathan Bohbot Moshe Tur |
| author_facet | Yoav Ofir Uri Ben-Simon Shay Shoham Iddo Kressel Bernardino Galasso Umberto Mercurio Antonio Concilio Gianvito Apuleo Jonathan Bohbot Moshe Tur |
| author_sort | Yoav Ofir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) system of an airplane composite wing with adjustable damage is reported, where testing under realistic flight conditions is carried out in the controllable and repeatable environment of an industrial wind tunnel. An FBG-based sensing array monitors a debonded region, whose compromised structural strength is regained by a set of lockable fasteners. Damage tunability is achieved by loosening some of or all these fasteners. Real-time analysis of the data collected involves Principal Component Analysis, followed by Hotelling’s <i>T</i>-squared and <i>Q</i> measures. With previously set criteria, real-time data collection and processing software can declare the structural health status as normal or abnormal. During testing, the system using the <i>Q</i> measure successfully identified the initiation of the damage and its extent, while the <i>T</i>-squared one returned limited outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2945f6313f4549998b73ef688e4ff487 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-2945f6313f4549998b73ef688e4ff4872025-08-20T03:32:27ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-07-012514442310.3390/s25144423Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight ConditionsYoav Ofir0Uri Ben-Simon1Shay Shoham2Iddo Kressel3Bernardino Galasso4Umberto Mercurio5Antonio Concilio6Gianvito Apuleo7Jonathan Bohbot8Moshe Tur9IAI Aviation Group, Ben Gurion International Airport, Lod 7010000, IsraelIAI Aviation Group, Ben Gurion International Airport, Lod 7010000, IsraelIAI Aviation Group, Ben Gurion International Airport, Lod 7010000, IsraelIAI Aviation Group, Ben Gurion International Airport, Lod 7010000, IsraelCIRA, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre, 81043 Capua, ItalyCIRA, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre, 81043 Capua, ItalyCIRA, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre, 81043 Capua, ItalyPiaggio Aerospace Industries, 17038 Villanova D’Albenga, ItalySchool of Electrical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, IsraelSchool of Electrical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, IsraelA real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) system of an airplane composite wing with adjustable damage is reported, where testing under realistic flight conditions is carried out in the controllable and repeatable environment of an industrial wind tunnel. An FBG-based sensing array monitors a debonded region, whose compromised structural strength is regained by a set of lockable fasteners. Damage tunability is achieved by loosening some of or all these fasteners. Real-time analysis of the data collected involves Principal Component Analysis, followed by Hotelling’s <i>T</i>-squared and <i>Q</i> measures. With previously set criteria, real-time data collection and processing software can declare the structural health status as normal or abnormal. During testing, the system using the <i>Q</i> measure successfully identified the initiation of the damage and its extent, while the <i>T</i>-squared one returned limited outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/14/4423structural health monitoringSHMdamage detectionreal-time processingwind tunnel testingcomposite wing |
| spellingShingle | Yoav Ofir Uri Ben-Simon Shay Shoham Iddo Kressel Bernardino Galasso Umberto Mercurio Antonio Concilio Gianvito Apuleo Jonathan Bohbot Moshe Tur Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions Sensors structural health monitoring SHM damage detection real-time processing wind tunnel testing composite wing |
| title | Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions |
| title_full | Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions |
| title_short | Real-Time Damage Detection in an Airplane Wing During Wind Tunnel Testing Under Realistic Flight Conditions |
| title_sort | real time damage detection in an airplane wing during wind tunnel testing under realistic flight conditions |
| topic | structural health monitoring SHM damage detection real-time processing wind tunnel testing composite wing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/14/4423 |
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