Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds?
The fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> is under development as a bioinsecticide for <i>Euschistus heros</i>. To further elucidate the effect of this fungus on <i>E. heros</i> behavior, we monitored the feeding activities of adults treated with the fungus at 1 ×...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida Mayara Alves Rodrigues Heloiza Alves Boaventura Angélica Siqueira Vieira José Francisco Arruda e Silva Flávio Gonçalves de Jesus Eliane Dias Quintela |
| author_facet | André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida Mayara Alves Rodrigues Heloiza Alves Boaventura Angélica Siqueira Vieira José Francisco Arruda e Silva Flávio Gonçalves de Jesus Eliane Dias Quintela |
| author_sort | André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> is under development as a bioinsecticide for <i>Euschistus heros</i>. To further elucidate the effect of this fungus on <i>E. heros</i> behavior, we monitored the feeding activities of adults treated with the fungus at 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> on soybean in the pod-filling stage (R5) through electropenetrography (EPG) AC-DC. We also determined the virulence of <i>M. anisopliae</i> to adults and its damage to soybean seeds. <i>M. anisopliae</i> displayed high levels of virulence to adults even at low concentrations of 5 × 10<sup>6</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> (98% mortality). <i>E. heros</i> females were more susceptible to <i>M. anisopliae</i> than males, exhibiting a lower LT<sub>50</sub> for mycosed adults (7.1 and 9.7 days, respectively). The EPG experiment showed that fungus-treated adults spent significantly less time on probing activities (reduced by 86% at day four and ceased at day five) than untreated insects, and the number of waveform events per insect significantly decreased. This information is valuable for managing stink bugs at the field level, as it shows that even though the insect is alive, its feeding is compromised, consequently minimizing the damage inflicted to the crop. This study paves the way for further research employing entomopathogenic fungi in pest control. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-291f99bf2fbd425ab87f8fc5768561cf |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj-art-291f99bf2fbd425ab87f8fc5768561cf2025-08-20T02:18:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2025-03-0111424710.3390/jof11040247Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds?André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida0Mayara Alves Rodrigues1Heloiza Alves Boaventura2Angélica Siqueira Vieira3José Francisco Arruda e Silva4Flávio Gonçalves de Jesus5Eliane Dias Quintela6Instituto Federal Goiano—Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Professor Geraldo Silva Nascimento, Km 2,5, Urutaí 75790-000, GO, BrazilInstituto Federal Goiano—Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Professor Geraldo Silva Nascimento, Km 2,5, Urutaí 75790-000, GO, BrazilEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12, Fazenda Capivara, Zona Rural, CP 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, GO, BrazilEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12, Fazenda Capivara, Zona Rural, CP 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, GO, BrazilEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12, Fazenda Capivara, Zona Rural, CP 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, GO, BrazilInstituto Federal Goiano—Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Professor Geraldo Silva Nascimento, Km 2,5, Urutaí 75790-000, GO, BrazilEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12, Fazenda Capivara, Zona Rural, CP 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, GO, BrazilThe fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> is under development as a bioinsecticide for <i>Euschistus heros</i>. To further elucidate the effect of this fungus on <i>E. heros</i> behavior, we monitored the feeding activities of adults treated with the fungus at 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> on soybean in the pod-filling stage (R5) through electropenetrography (EPG) AC-DC. We also determined the virulence of <i>M. anisopliae</i> to adults and its damage to soybean seeds. <i>M. anisopliae</i> displayed high levels of virulence to adults even at low concentrations of 5 × 10<sup>6</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> (98% mortality). <i>E. heros</i> females were more susceptible to <i>M. anisopliae</i> than males, exhibiting a lower LT<sub>50</sub> for mycosed adults (7.1 and 9.7 days, respectively). The EPG experiment showed that fungus-treated adults spent significantly less time on probing activities (reduced by 86% at day four and ceased at day five) than untreated insects, and the number of waveform events per insect significantly decreased. This information is valuable for managing stink bugs at the field level, as it shows that even though the insect is alive, its feeding is compromised, consequently minimizing the damage inflicted to the crop. This study paves the way for further research employing entomopathogenic fungi in pest control.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/4/247biological controlelectropenetrographyentomopathogenic fungiEPG |
| spellingShingle | André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida Mayara Alves Rodrigues Heloiza Alves Boaventura Angélica Siqueira Vieira José Francisco Arruda e Silva Flávio Gonçalves de Jesus Eliane Dias Quintela Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds? Journal of Fungi biological control electropenetrography entomopathogenic fungi EPG |
| title | Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds? |
| title_full | Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds? |
| title_fullStr | Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds? |
| title_short | Can <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> Reduce the Feeding of the Neotropical Brown Stink Bug, <i>Euschistus heros</i> (Fabricius, 1798), and Its Damage to Soybean Seeds? |
| title_sort | can i metarhizium anisopliae i reduce the feeding of the neotropical brown stink bug i euschistus heros i fabricius 1798 and its damage to soybean seeds |
| topic | biological control electropenetrography entomopathogenic fungi EPG |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/4/247 |
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