Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders
Abstract The high levels of polarization raise concerns about individuals’ decreased ability to empathize and understand the representatives of political out-groups. As such, our political biases may lead us to misunderstand out-group politicians. In the current study, we examine the mu rhythm, a ne...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-03-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92898-6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849772414637965312 |
|---|---|
| author | Maaike D. Homan Mohammad Hamdan Karlijn Hendriks Diamantis Petropoulos Petalas |
| author_facet | Maaike D. Homan Mohammad Hamdan Karlijn Hendriks Diamantis Petropoulos Petalas |
| author_sort | Maaike D. Homan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The high levels of polarization raise concerns about individuals’ decreased ability to empathize and understand the representatives of political out-groups. As such, our political biases may lead us to misunderstand out-group politicians. In the current study, we examine the mu rhythm, a neural oscillation in the sensorimotor cortex related to the processing and understanding of other people’s actions, intentions and emotions. The mu rhythm is particularly responsive towards the emotional expressions of others and sensitive to social biases. Hence, we examine (1) whether the emotions displayed by politicians lead to more mu event-related-desynchronization (mu-ERD), (2) whether it matters which emotion (angry, happy, neutral) is displayed, and (3) whether neural responses differ when emotions are displayed by politicians we support (in-party politician) compared to politicians we do not support (out-party politician). To test this, we recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) responses during a preregistered Go/No Go mimicry experiment (N = 47, Obs = 1104), in which participants are presented with dynamic morphed emotional displays of Dutch politicians (in- and out-party) and non-politicians. We find that politicians emotional displays increase participants’ mu-ERD compared to static neutral displays. Most mu-ERD is found for out-party politicians, especially when angry. In addition, we explored alpha oscillations (related to visual attention), where we find the strongest alpha-ERD for the out-party happy condition. Overall our results suggest that our brain is specifically attuned to process the emotions of out-party politicians. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2907fa0f916a4bf9835eb636622e7194 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-2907fa0f916a4bf9835eb636622e71942025-08-20T03:02:19ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-92898-6Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leadersMaaike D. Homan0Mohammad Hamdan1Karlijn Hendriks2Diamantis Petropoulos Petalas3Department of Political Science, University of AmsterdamDepartment of Political Science, University of AmsterdamBrain Research and Innovation Centre MGGZ, University Medical Centre UtrechtDepartment of Psychology, The American College of GreeceAbstract The high levels of polarization raise concerns about individuals’ decreased ability to empathize and understand the representatives of political out-groups. As such, our political biases may lead us to misunderstand out-group politicians. In the current study, we examine the mu rhythm, a neural oscillation in the sensorimotor cortex related to the processing and understanding of other people’s actions, intentions and emotions. The mu rhythm is particularly responsive towards the emotional expressions of others and sensitive to social biases. Hence, we examine (1) whether the emotions displayed by politicians lead to more mu event-related-desynchronization (mu-ERD), (2) whether it matters which emotion (angry, happy, neutral) is displayed, and (3) whether neural responses differ when emotions are displayed by politicians we support (in-party politician) compared to politicians we do not support (out-party politician). To test this, we recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) responses during a preregistered Go/No Go mimicry experiment (N = 47, Obs = 1104), in which participants are presented with dynamic morphed emotional displays of Dutch politicians (in- and out-party) and non-politicians. We find that politicians emotional displays increase participants’ mu-ERD compared to static neutral displays. Most mu-ERD is found for out-party politicians, especially when angry. In addition, we explored alpha oscillations (related to visual attention), where we find the strongest alpha-ERD for the out-party happy condition. Overall our results suggest that our brain is specifically attuned to process the emotions of out-party politicians.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92898-6 |
| spellingShingle | Maaike D. Homan Mohammad Hamdan Karlijn Hendriks Diamantis Petropoulos Petalas Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders Scientific Reports |
| title | Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders |
| title_full | Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders |
| title_fullStr | Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders |
| title_short | Neural responses to emotional displays by politicians: differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in-party and out-party leaders |
| title_sort | neural responses to emotional displays by politicians differential mu and alpha suppression patterns in response to in party and out party leaders |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92898-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maaikedhoman neuralresponsestoemotionaldisplaysbypoliticiansdifferentialmuandalphasuppressionpatternsinresponsetoinpartyandoutpartyleaders AT mohammadhamdan neuralresponsestoemotionaldisplaysbypoliticiansdifferentialmuandalphasuppressionpatternsinresponsetoinpartyandoutpartyleaders AT karlijnhendriks neuralresponsestoemotionaldisplaysbypoliticiansdifferentialmuandalphasuppressionpatternsinresponsetoinpartyandoutpartyleaders AT diamantispetropoulospetalas neuralresponsestoemotionaldisplaysbypoliticiansdifferentialmuandalphasuppressionpatternsinresponsetoinpartyandoutpartyleaders |