Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore

Abstract This study explores the synthesis of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) from dolomite. The process involves leaching dolomite rock in hydrochloric acid and filtration to remove silica impurities. Optimization was achieved using the Box-Behnken design from Design Expert 13.0 software, with temperature...

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Main Authors: Isaac Adekunle Joseph, Elijah Olawale Ajala, Amina Ahmed El-Imam, Mary Adejoke Ajala, Comfort Temitope Are, Esther Olubunmi Babatunde
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88395-5
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author Isaac Adekunle Joseph
Elijah Olawale Ajala
Amina Ahmed El-Imam
Mary Adejoke Ajala
Comfort Temitope Are
Esther Olubunmi Babatunde
author_facet Isaac Adekunle Joseph
Elijah Olawale Ajala
Amina Ahmed El-Imam
Mary Adejoke Ajala
Comfort Temitope Are
Esther Olubunmi Babatunde
author_sort Isaac Adekunle Joseph
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study explores the synthesis of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) from dolomite. The process involves leaching dolomite rock in hydrochloric acid and filtration to remove silica impurities. Optimization was achieved using the Box-Behnken design from Design Expert 13.0 software, with temperature (10–50 °C), time (5–10 min), and acid concentration (1–5 M) as variables. Optimal conditions for CaSO4 synthesis were 10 °C, 10 min, and 3.5 M H2SO4. A significant quadratic model (P-value = 0.0002, R2 = 0.923) was developed for CaSO4 synthesis. XRD analysis confirmed the prominent phase angle of synthesized CaSO4 at 11.8° with 92% purity. XRF analysis revealed a composition of 53.686% SO3, and 41.798% CaO. The flaky morphology of CaSO4 was observed from the SEM analysis, and TGA analysis showed stability at 200 °C and decomposition at 383.78 °C. This study demonstrates the suitability of Box-Behnken Design for determining optimal process parameters, and the high-purity CaSO4 produced can be recommended for various applications, including bone implants, plaster of Paris, cement production, and soil remediation.
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spelling doaj-art-29019f3c58ee4e5b95849ba9ed1dc70f2025-08-20T03:13:55ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-88395-5Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite oreIsaac Adekunle Joseph0Elijah Olawale Ajala1Amina Ahmed El-Imam2Mary Adejoke Ajala3Comfort Temitope Are4Esther Olubunmi Babatunde5Department of Chemical Engineering, University of IlorinDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of IlorinDepartment of Microbiology, University of IlorinDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of IlorinDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Prince Abubakar Audu UniversityDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of JohannesburgAbstract This study explores the synthesis of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) from dolomite. The process involves leaching dolomite rock in hydrochloric acid and filtration to remove silica impurities. Optimization was achieved using the Box-Behnken design from Design Expert 13.0 software, with temperature (10–50 °C), time (5–10 min), and acid concentration (1–5 M) as variables. Optimal conditions for CaSO4 synthesis were 10 °C, 10 min, and 3.5 M H2SO4. A significant quadratic model (P-value = 0.0002, R2 = 0.923) was developed for CaSO4 synthesis. XRD analysis confirmed the prominent phase angle of synthesized CaSO4 at 11.8° with 92% purity. XRF analysis revealed a composition of 53.686% SO3, and 41.798% CaO. The flaky morphology of CaSO4 was observed from the SEM analysis, and TGA analysis showed stability at 200 °C and decomposition at 383.78 °C. This study demonstrates the suitability of Box-Behnken Design for determining optimal process parameters, and the high-purity CaSO4 produced can be recommended for various applications, including bone implants, plaster of Paris, cement production, and soil remediation.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88395-5Calcium SulphateConcentrationOptimization temperatureTime
spellingShingle Isaac Adekunle Joseph
Elijah Olawale Ajala
Amina Ahmed El-Imam
Mary Adejoke Ajala
Comfort Temitope Are
Esther Olubunmi Babatunde
Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
Scientific Reports
Calcium Sulphate
Concentration
Optimization temperature
Time
title Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
title_full Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
title_fullStr Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
title_short Optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
title_sort optimization of the synthesis of highly pure calcium sulphate from dolomite ore
topic Calcium Sulphate
Concentration
Optimization temperature
Time
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88395-5
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