Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers
We compare the main analytical results available to estimate the locking range, which is the key figure-of-merit of LC frequency dividers based on the injection locking phenomenon. Starting from the classical result by Adler concerning injection-locked oscillators, we elucidate the merits and the sh...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/246742 |
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| author | Antonio Buonomo Alessandro Lo Schiavo |
| author_facet | Antonio Buonomo Alessandro Lo Schiavo |
| author_sort | Antonio Buonomo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We compare the main analytical results available to estimate the locking range, which is the key figure-of-merit of LC frequency dividers based on the injection locking phenomenon. Starting from the classical result by Adler concerning injection-locked oscillators, we elucidate the merits and the shortcomings of the different approaches to study injection-locked frequency dividers, with particular emphasis on divider-by-2. In particular, we show the potential of a perturbation approach which enables a more complete analysis of frequency dividers, making it possible to calculate not only the amplitude and the phase of the locked oscillation, but also the region where it exists and is stable, which defines the locking region. Finally, we analyze the dynamical behaviour of the dividers in the vicinity of the boundary of the locking region, showing that there exists a border region where the occurrence of the locking or the pulling operation mode is possible, depending on the initial conditions of the system. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-28c8fbc4e7ff4f4badb46950731f25d1 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-0147 2090-0155 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-28c8fbc4e7ff4f4badb46950731f25d12025-08-20T02:03:51ZengWileyJournal of Electrical and Computer Engineering2090-01472090-01552013-01-01201310.1155/2013/246742246742Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency DividersAntonio Buonomo0Alessandro Lo Schiavo1Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, ItalySeconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, ItalyWe compare the main analytical results available to estimate the locking range, which is the key figure-of-merit of LC frequency dividers based on the injection locking phenomenon. Starting from the classical result by Adler concerning injection-locked oscillators, we elucidate the merits and the shortcomings of the different approaches to study injection-locked frequency dividers, with particular emphasis on divider-by-2. In particular, we show the potential of a perturbation approach which enables a more complete analysis of frequency dividers, making it possible to calculate not only the amplitude and the phase of the locked oscillation, but also the region where it exists and is stable, which defines the locking region. Finally, we analyze the dynamical behaviour of the dividers in the vicinity of the boundary of the locking region, showing that there exists a border region where the occurrence of the locking or the pulling operation mode is possible, depending on the initial conditions of the system.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/246742 |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Buonomo Alessandro Lo Schiavo Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| title | Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers |
| title_full | Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers |
| title_fullStr | Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers |
| title_short | Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers |
| title_sort | investigation on locking and pulling modes in analog frequency dividers |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/246742 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT antoniobuonomo investigationonlockingandpullingmodesinanalogfrequencydividers AT alessandroloschiavo investigationonlockingandpullingmodesinanalogfrequencydividers |