Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity

Abstract Oncogene amplification is a key driver of cancer pathogenesis. Both breakage fusion bridge (BFB) cycles and extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can lead to high oncogene copy numbers, but the impact of BFB amplifications on intratumoral heterogeneity, treatment response, and patient survival remai...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Siavash Raeisi Dehkordi, Ivy Tsz-Lo Wong, Jing Ni, Jens Luebeck, Kaiyuan Zhu, Gino Prasad, Lena Krockenberger, Guanghui Xu, Biswanath Chowdhury, Utkrisht Rajkumar, Ann Caplin, Daniel Muliaditan, Aditi Gnanasekar, Ceyda Coruh, Qiushi Jin, Kristen Turner, Shu Xian Teo, Andy Wing Chun Pang, Ludmil B. Alexandrov, Christelle En Lin Chua, Frank B. Furnari, John Maciejowski, Thomas G. Paulson, Julie A. Law, Howard Y. Chang, Feng Yue, Ramanuj DasGupta, Jean Zhao, Paul S. Mischel, Vineet Bafna
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56670-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850197642135470080
author Siavash Raeisi Dehkordi
Ivy Tsz-Lo Wong
Jing Ni
Jens Luebeck
Kaiyuan Zhu
Gino Prasad
Lena Krockenberger
Guanghui Xu
Biswanath Chowdhury
Utkrisht Rajkumar
Ann Caplin
Daniel Muliaditan
Aditi Gnanasekar
Ceyda Coruh
Qiushi Jin
Kristen Turner
Shu Xian Teo
Andy Wing Chun Pang
Ludmil B. Alexandrov
Christelle En Lin Chua
Frank B. Furnari
John Maciejowski
Thomas G. Paulson
Julie A. Law
Howard Y. Chang
Feng Yue
Ramanuj DasGupta
Jean Zhao
Paul S. Mischel
Vineet Bafna
author_facet Siavash Raeisi Dehkordi
Ivy Tsz-Lo Wong
Jing Ni
Jens Luebeck
Kaiyuan Zhu
Gino Prasad
Lena Krockenberger
Guanghui Xu
Biswanath Chowdhury
Utkrisht Rajkumar
Ann Caplin
Daniel Muliaditan
Aditi Gnanasekar
Ceyda Coruh
Qiushi Jin
Kristen Turner
Shu Xian Teo
Andy Wing Chun Pang
Ludmil B. Alexandrov
Christelle En Lin Chua
Frank B. Furnari
John Maciejowski
Thomas G. Paulson
Julie A. Law
Howard Y. Chang
Feng Yue
Ramanuj DasGupta
Jean Zhao
Paul S. Mischel
Vineet Bafna
author_sort Siavash Raeisi Dehkordi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Oncogene amplification is a key driver of cancer pathogenesis. Both breakage fusion bridge (BFB) cycles and extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can lead to high oncogene copy numbers, but the impact of BFB amplifications on intratumoral heterogeneity, treatment response, and patient survival remains poorly understood due to detection challenges with DNA sequencing. We introduce an algorithm, OM2BFB, designed to detect and reconstruct BFB amplifications using optical genome mapping (OGM). OM2BFB demonstrates high precision (>93%) and recall (92%) in identifying BFB amplifications across cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenograft models, and primary tumors. Comparisons using OGM reveal that BFB detection with our AmpliconSuite toolkit for short-read sequencing also achieves high precision, though with reduced sensitivity. We identify 371 BFB events through whole genome sequencing of 2557 primary tumors and cancer cell lines. BFB amplifications are prevalent in cervical, head and neck, lung, and esophageal cancers, but rare in brain cancers. Genes amplified through BFB exhibit lower expression variance, with limited potential for regulatory adaptation compared to ecDNA-amplified genes. Tumors with BFB amplifications (BFB(+)) show reduced structural heterogeneity in amplicons and delayed resistance onset relative to ecDNA(+) tumors. These findings highlight ecDNA and BFB amplifications as distinct oncogene amplification mechanisms with differing biological characteristics, suggesting distinct avenues for therapeutic intervention.
format Article
id doaj-art-28ab681fa4874eb3bce2a7057a8663c4
institution OA Journals
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-28ab681fa4874eb3bce2a7057a8663c42025-08-20T02:13:06ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-02-0116111910.1038/s41467-025-56670-8Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneitySiavash Raeisi Dehkordi0Ivy Tsz-Lo Wong1Jing Ni2Jens Luebeck3Kaiyuan Zhu4Gino Prasad5Lena Krockenberger6Guanghui Xu7Biswanath Chowdhury8Utkrisht Rajkumar9Ann Caplin10Daniel Muliaditan11Aditi Gnanasekar12Ceyda Coruh13Qiushi Jin14Kristen Turner15Shu Xian Teo16Andy Wing Chun Pang17Ludmil B. Alexandrov18Christelle En Lin Chua19Frank B. Furnari20John Maciejowski21Thomas G. Paulson22Julie A. Law23Howard Y. Chang24Feng Yue25Ramanuj DasGupta26Jean Zhao27Paul S. Mischel28Vineet Bafna29Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of MedicineDepartment of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoPlant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological StudiesDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoGenome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of MedicinePlant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological StudiesDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityBoundless BioSingapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of SingaporeBionano GenomicsMoores Cancer Center, UC San Diego HealthSingapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of SingaporeDepartment of Medicine, University of California at San DiegoMolecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterTranslational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer CenterPlant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological StudiesCenter for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityGenome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of MedicineDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San DiegoAbstract Oncogene amplification is a key driver of cancer pathogenesis. Both breakage fusion bridge (BFB) cycles and extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can lead to high oncogene copy numbers, but the impact of BFB amplifications on intratumoral heterogeneity, treatment response, and patient survival remains poorly understood due to detection challenges with DNA sequencing. We introduce an algorithm, OM2BFB, designed to detect and reconstruct BFB amplifications using optical genome mapping (OGM). OM2BFB demonstrates high precision (>93%) and recall (92%) in identifying BFB amplifications across cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenograft models, and primary tumors. Comparisons using OGM reveal that BFB detection with our AmpliconSuite toolkit for short-read sequencing also achieves high precision, though with reduced sensitivity. We identify 371 BFB events through whole genome sequencing of 2557 primary tumors and cancer cell lines. BFB amplifications are prevalent in cervical, head and neck, lung, and esophageal cancers, but rare in brain cancers. Genes amplified through BFB exhibit lower expression variance, with limited potential for regulatory adaptation compared to ecDNA-amplified genes. Tumors with BFB amplifications (BFB(+)) show reduced structural heterogeneity in amplicons and delayed resistance onset relative to ecDNA(+) tumors. These findings highlight ecDNA and BFB amplifications as distinct oncogene amplification mechanisms with differing biological characteristics, suggesting distinct avenues for therapeutic intervention.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56670-8
spellingShingle Siavash Raeisi Dehkordi
Ivy Tsz-Lo Wong
Jing Ni
Jens Luebeck
Kaiyuan Zhu
Gino Prasad
Lena Krockenberger
Guanghui Xu
Biswanath Chowdhury
Utkrisht Rajkumar
Ann Caplin
Daniel Muliaditan
Aditi Gnanasekar
Ceyda Coruh
Qiushi Jin
Kristen Turner
Shu Xian Teo
Andy Wing Chun Pang
Ludmil B. Alexandrov
Christelle En Lin Chua
Frank B. Furnari
John Maciejowski
Thomas G. Paulson
Julie A. Law
Howard Y. Chang
Feng Yue
Ramanuj DasGupta
Jean Zhao
Paul S. Mischel
Vineet Bafna
Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
Nature Communications
title Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
title_full Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
title_fullStr Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
title_full_unstemmed Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
title_short Breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
title_sort breakage fusion bridge cycles drive high oncogene number with moderate intratumoural heterogeneity
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56670-8
work_keys_str_mv AT siavashraeisidehkordi breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT ivytszlowong breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT jingni breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT jensluebeck breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT kaiyuanzhu breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT ginoprasad breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT lenakrockenberger breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT guanghuixu breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT biswanathchowdhury breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT utkrishtrajkumar breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT anncaplin breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT danielmuliaditan breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT aditignanasekar breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT ceydacoruh breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT qiushijin breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT kristenturner breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT shuxianteo breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT andywingchunpang breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT ludmilbalexandrov breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT christelleenlinchua breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT frankbfurnari breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT johnmaciejowski breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT thomasgpaulson breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT juliealaw breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT howardychang breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT fengyue breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT ramanujdasgupta breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT jeanzhao breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT paulsmischel breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity
AT vineetbafna breakagefusionbridgecyclesdrivehighoncogenenumberwithmoderateintratumouralheterogeneity