Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods
Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) continuous cropping reduces yield and quality, but the effects of specific rotation methods on yield and endophytic bacterial colonization remain unclear. Based on five years of continuous cropping trial data, three different cropping systems (WF, annu...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Miao Liu Pu Shen Qi Wu Haiyan Liang Dianxu Chen Liyu Yang |
| author_facet | Miao Liu Pu Shen Qi Wu Haiyan Liang Dianxu Chen Liyu Yang |
| author_sort | Miao Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) continuous cropping reduces yield and quality, but the effects of specific rotation methods on yield and endophytic bacterial colonization remain unclear. Based on five years of continuous cropping trial data, three different cropping systems (WF, annual summer peanut and winter fallow; GM, annual summer peanut and winter ryegrass; CR, summer peanut rotated with summer maize and winter wheat) were employed in this study to systematically analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of crop rotation in mitigating peanut continuous cropping obstacles and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CR increased pod yield by 33% and kernel nitrogen content by 6.8% compared to WF, while GM had a marginal effect (1.4% nitrogen increase). Microbial analysis (LEfSe/LDA) revealed that CR enriched beneficial bacteria (e.g., <i>Actinobacteria</i>, <i>Corynebacteriales</i>) in pods while suppressing potential pathogens (e.g., <i>Gammaproteobacteria</i>, <i>Burkholderiales</i>). These findings demonstrate that strategic crop rotation, particularly CR, mitigates continuous cropping obstacles by enhancing yield, improving kernel quality, and promoting beneficial endophytic bacterial communities. Our findings highlight the complexity of crop rotation system functioning and how interactions between cropping patterns and endophytic microbiota affect peanut yield and kernel quality. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-28a37f49567d4b208fda486526e5f6732025-08-20T02:21:53ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-06-011412179910.3390/plants14121799Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut PodsMiao Liu0Pu Shen1Qi Wu2Haiyan Liang3Dianxu Chen4Liyu Yang5Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaShandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaShandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaShandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaShandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaShandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaPeanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) continuous cropping reduces yield and quality, but the effects of specific rotation methods on yield and endophytic bacterial colonization remain unclear. Based on five years of continuous cropping trial data, three different cropping systems (WF, annual summer peanut and winter fallow; GM, annual summer peanut and winter ryegrass; CR, summer peanut rotated with summer maize and winter wheat) were employed in this study to systematically analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of crop rotation in mitigating peanut continuous cropping obstacles and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CR increased pod yield by 33% and kernel nitrogen content by 6.8% compared to WF, while GM had a marginal effect (1.4% nitrogen increase). Microbial analysis (LEfSe/LDA) revealed that CR enriched beneficial bacteria (e.g., <i>Actinobacteria</i>, <i>Corynebacteriales</i>) in pods while suppressing potential pathogens (e.g., <i>Gammaproteobacteria</i>, <i>Burkholderiales</i>). These findings demonstrate that strategic crop rotation, particularly CR, mitigates continuous cropping obstacles by enhancing yield, improving kernel quality, and promoting beneficial endophytic bacterial communities. Our findings highlight the complexity of crop rotation system functioning and how interactions between cropping patterns and endophytic microbiota affect peanut yield and kernel quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1799<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.crop rotationgreen manurepeanut podendophytic bacteria |
| spellingShingle | Miao Liu Pu Shen Qi Wu Haiyan Liang Dianxu Chen Liyu Yang Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods Plants <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L. crop rotation green manure peanut pod endophytic bacteria |
| title | Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods |
| title_full | Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods |
| title_fullStr | Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods |
| title_short | Rotation Alleviated the Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Cultivation and Optimized the Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Peanut Pods |
| title_sort | rotation alleviated the continuous cropping obstacle of peanut i arachis hypogaea i l cultivation and optimized the endophytic bacterial communities in peanut pods |
| topic | <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L. crop rotation green manure peanut pod endophytic bacteria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1799 |
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