Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach

Substantial growth in bipolar Voltage Source Converter (VSC) -based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) connections is anticipated in the coming decade. Simultaneously, there is an expected increase in the adoption of Grid-Forming (GFM) strategies to control HVDC converters. However, concerns have ar...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Francesco Giacomo Puricelli, Pierre Rault, Carmen Cardozo, Jef Beerten
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525000201
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849721185833582592
author Francesco Giacomo Puricelli
Pierre Rault
Carmen Cardozo
Jef Beerten
author_facet Francesco Giacomo Puricelli
Pierre Rault
Carmen Cardozo
Jef Beerten
author_sort Francesco Giacomo Puricelli
collection DOAJ
description Substantial growth in bipolar Voltage Source Converter (VSC) -based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) connections is anticipated in the coming decade. Simultaneously, there is an expected increase in the adoption of Grid-Forming (GFM) strategies to control HVDC converters. However, concerns have arisen about potential interactions between GFM converters of a bipolar HVDC link placed at the same converter station due to their electrical proximity. This paper presents a coordinate transformation that separates the sub-synchronous interactions between the GFM converters as in-phase and anti-phase components. The insights offered by this transformation are presented through eigenvalue, and mode shape analyses, along with time-domain studies. Additionally, a novel centralized bipole synchronization control is introduced by combining the synchronization loops of the two GFM converters. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed control effectively mitigates undesirable sub-synchronous oscillations between the two GFM converters in the bipole while shaping their combined response to the AC system across different operational scenarios.
format Article
id doaj-art-289e8ab9632e42a887478bdb647d83cf
institution DOAJ
issn 0142-0615
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
spelling doaj-art-289e8ab9632e42a887478bdb647d83cf2025-08-20T03:11:43ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems0142-06152025-04-0116511046910.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110469Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approachFrancesco Giacomo Puricelli0Pierre Rault1Carmen Cardozo2Jef Beerten3KU Leuven, Department of Electrical Engineering, Leuven, Belgium; EnergyVille, Etch, Genk, Belgium; Corresponding author at: KU Leuven, Department of Electrical Engineering, Leuven, Belgium.Réseau de Transport d’Electricité (RTE), Paris La Défense, FranceRéseau de Transport d’Electricité (RTE), Paris La Défense, FranceKU Leuven, Department of Electrical Engineering, Leuven, Belgium; EnergyVille, Etch, Genk, BelgiumSubstantial growth in bipolar Voltage Source Converter (VSC) -based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) connections is anticipated in the coming decade. Simultaneously, there is an expected increase in the adoption of Grid-Forming (GFM) strategies to control HVDC converters. However, concerns have arisen about potential interactions between GFM converters of a bipolar HVDC link placed at the same converter station due to their electrical proximity. This paper presents a coordinate transformation that separates the sub-synchronous interactions between the GFM converters as in-phase and anti-phase components. The insights offered by this transformation are presented through eigenvalue, and mode shape analyses, along with time-domain studies. Additionally, a novel centralized bipole synchronization control is introduced by combining the synchronization loops of the two GFM converters. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed control effectively mitigates undesirable sub-synchronous oscillations between the two GFM converters in the bipole while shaping their combined response to the AC system across different operational scenarios.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525000201HVDC transmissionGrid-forming controlModular multilevel converterPower system stabilityStability analysisState–space model
spellingShingle Francesco Giacomo Puricelli
Pierre Rault
Carmen Cardozo
Jef Beerten
Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
HVDC transmission
Grid-forming control
Modular multilevel converter
Power system stability
Stability analysis
State–space model
title Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach
title_full Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach
title_fullStr Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach
title_full_unstemmed Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach
title_short Analysis and damping of grid-forming converters interactions in bipolar HVDC connections using a coordinate transformation approach
title_sort analysis and damping of grid forming converters interactions in bipolar hvdc connections using a coordinate transformation approach
topic HVDC transmission
Grid-forming control
Modular multilevel converter
Power system stability
Stability analysis
State–space model
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525000201
work_keys_str_mv AT francescogiacomopuricelli analysisanddampingofgridformingconvertersinteractionsinbipolarhvdcconnectionsusingacoordinatetransformationapproach
AT pierrerault analysisanddampingofgridformingconvertersinteractionsinbipolarhvdcconnectionsusingacoordinatetransformationapproach
AT carmencardozo analysisanddampingofgridformingconvertersinteractionsinbipolarhvdcconnectionsusingacoordinatetransformationapproach
AT jefbeerten analysisanddampingofgridformingconvertersinteractionsinbipolarhvdcconnectionsusingacoordinatetransformationapproach