The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation
Abstract The Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mouse model has become a valuable model to study the mechanistic basis for biological sex differences. This model allows discrimination between influences of gonadal sex (ovaries or testes) from those associated with genetic sex (presence of XX or XY chromosome...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Biology of Sex Differences |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-024-00665-5 |
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| _version_ | 1850179843582328832 |
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| author | Carrie B. Wiese Barbara Soliman Karen Reue |
| author_facet | Carrie B. Wiese Barbara Soliman Karen Reue |
| author_sort | Carrie B. Wiese |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mouse model has become a valuable model to study the mechanistic basis for biological sex differences. This model allows discrimination between influences of gonadal sex (ovaries or testes) from those associated with genetic sex (presence of XX or XY chromosome complement). FCG mice have illuminated distinct effects of gonadal and chromosomal sex on traits ranging from brain structure and behavior to vulnerability to obesity, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s and other diseases. A recent study determined that the Y Sry− chromosome used in a specific line of C57BL/6J FCG mice harbors nine genes that have been duplicated from the X chromosome. This report raised concern that scores of publications that previously used the FCG model may therefore be flawed, but did not provide details regarding how studies can be evaluated for potential impact (or lack of impact) of the translocation. Here we (1) provide a practical description of the genetic translocation for researchers using the FCG model, (2) document that a majority of the studies cited in the recent report are unlikely to be affected by the translocation, (3) provide a scheme for interpreting data from studies with FCG mice harboring the Y Sry− translocation, and (4) delineate expression levels of the nine translocated genes across tissue/cell types as a filter for evaluating their potential involvement in specific phenotypes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-289e77a2d02b46d69650216b61ce2d81 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2042-6410 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology of Sex Differences |
| spelling | doaj-art-289e77a2d02b46d69650216b61ce2d812025-08-20T02:18:24ZengBMCBiology of Sex Differences2042-64102024-10-011511910.1186/s13293-024-00665-5The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocationCarrie B. Wiese0Barbara Soliman1Karen Reue2Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaDepartment of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaDepartment of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaAbstract The Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mouse model has become a valuable model to study the mechanistic basis for biological sex differences. This model allows discrimination between influences of gonadal sex (ovaries or testes) from those associated with genetic sex (presence of XX or XY chromosome complement). FCG mice have illuminated distinct effects of gonadal and chromosomal sex on traits ranging from brain structure and behavior to vulnerability to obesity, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s and other diseases. A recent study determined that the Y Sry− chromosome used in a specific line of C57BL/6J FCG mice harbors nine genes that have been duplicated from the X chromosome. This report raised concern that scores of publications that previously used the FCG model may therefore be flawed, but did not provide details regarding how studies can be evaluated for potential impact (or lack of impact) of the translocation. Here we (1) provide a practical description of the genetic translocation for researchers using the FCG model, (2) document that a majority of the studies cited in the recent report are unlikely to be affected by the translocation, (3) provide a scheme for interpreting data from studies with FCG mice harboring the Y Sry− translocation, and (4) delineate expression levels of the nine translocated genes across tissue/cell types as a filter for evaluating their potential involvement in specific phenotypes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-024-00665-5Sex differencesX chromosomeY chromosomeXY* mouse modelGene expression |
| spellingShingle | Carrie B. Wiese Barbara Soliman Karen Reue The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation Biology of Sex Differences Sex differences X chromosome Y chromosome XY* mouse model Gene expression |
| title | The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation |
| title_full | The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation |
| title_fullStr | The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation |
| title_short | The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation |
| title_sort | four core genotypes mouse model evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation |
| topic | Sex differences X chromosome Y chromosome XY* mouse model Gene expression |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-024-00665-5 |
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