Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies

In response to increasing environmental demands, modeling emissions from older vehicles presents a significant challenge. This paper introduces an innovative methodology that takes advantage of advanced AI and machine learning techniques to develop precise emission models for older vehicles. This st...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Maksymilian Mądziel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/19/4924
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850185072466984960
author Maksymilian Mądziel
author_facet Maksymilian Mądziel
author_sort Maksymilian Mądziel
collection DOAJ
description In response to increasing environmental demands, modeling emissions from older vehicles presents a significant challenge. This paper introduces an innovative methodology that takes advantage of advanced AI and machine learning techniques to develop precise emission models for older vehicles. This study analyzed data from road tests and the OBDII diagnostic interface, focusing on CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, THC, and NOx emissions under both cold and warm engine conditions. The key results showed that random forest regression provided the best predictions for THC in a cold engine (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.76), while polynomial regression excelled for CO<sub>2</sub> (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.93). For warm engines, polynomial regression performed best for CO<sub>2</sub> (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.95), and gradient boosting delivered results for THC (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.66). Although prediction accuracy varied by emission compound and engine state, the models consistently demonstrated high precision, offering a robust tool for managing emissions from aging vehicle fleets. These models offer valuable information for transportation policy and pollution reduction strategies, particularly in urban areas.
format Article
id doaj-art-289b0473b58f4e838628b409edaeaddc
institution OA Journals
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-289b0473b58f4e838628b409edaeaddc2025-08-20T02:16:50ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-10-011719492410.3390/en17194924Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New TechnologiesMaksymilian Mądziel0Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, PolandIn response to increasing environmental demands, modeling emissions from older vehicles presents a significant challenge. This paper introduces an innovative methodology that takes advantage of advanced AI and machine learning techniques to develop precise emission models for older vehicles. This study analyzed data from road tests and the OBDII diagnostic interface, focusing on CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, THC, and NOx emissions under both cold and warm engine conditions. The key results showed that random forest regression provided the best predictions for THC in a cold engine (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.76), while polynomial regression excelled for CO<sub>2</sub> (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.93). For warm engines, polynomial regression performed best for CO<sub>2</sub> (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.95), and gradient boosting delivered results for THC (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.66). Although prediction accuracy varied by emission compound and engine state, the models consistently demonstrated high precision, offering a robust tool for managing emissions from aging vehicle fleets. These models offer valuable information for transportation policy and pollution reduction strategies, particularly in urban areas.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/19/4924vehiclesemissionmodelingartificial intelligenceportable emission measurement systemcombustion engines
spellingShingle Maksymilian Mądziel
Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies
Energies
vehicles
emission
modeling
artificial intelligence
portable emission measurement system
combustion engines
title Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies
title_full Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies
title_fullStr Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies
title_full_unstemmed Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies
title_short Modeling Exhaust Emissions in Older Vehicles in the Era of New Technologies
title_sort modeling exhaust emissions in older vehicles in the era of new technologies
topic vehicles
emission
modeling
artificial intelligence
portable emission measurement system
combustion engines
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/19/4924
work_keys_str_mv AT maksymilianmadziel modelingexhaustemissionsinoldervehiclesintheeraofnewtechnologies