Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a promising technology to enhance the performance and functionality of mobile networks. UAVs can act as flying base stations, relays, or users to provide wireless services to ground users or devices. However, the optimal placement and trajectory design...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Vehicles |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/6/4/86 |
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| author | Mohammad Javad Sobouti Amirhossein Mohajerzadeh Haitham Y. Adarbah Zahra Rahimi Hamed Ahmadi |
| author_facet | Mohammad Javad Sobouti Amirhossein Mohajerzadeh Haitham Y. Adarbah Zahra Rahimi Hamed Ahmadi |
| author_sort | Mohammad Javad Sobouti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a promising technology to enhance the performance and functionality of mobile networks. UAVs can act as flying base stations, relays, or users to provide wireless services to ground users or devices. However, the optimal placement and trajectory design of UAVs in mobile networks is a challenging problem, as it involves multiple objectives, constraints, and uncertainties. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art research on UAV placement and trajectory optimization in cellular networks. We first introduce the main objectives and challenges of UAV placement and trajectory optimization, such as maximizing coverage, throughput, energy efficiency, or reliability, while minimizing interference, delay, or cost. We also examine the primary models and assumptions employed for UAV placement and trajectory optimization, including channel models, mobility models, network architectures, and constraints. Additionally, we discuss the main methods and algorithms employed for UAV placement and trajectory optimization. These include optimization techniques, heuristic algorithms, machine learning approaches, and distributed solutions. Analytical results, numerical simulations, or experimental tests are further discussed as the main performance metrics and evaluation methods used for UAV placement and trajectory optimization. We also highlight the main applications and scenarios of UAV placement and trajectory optimization, such as cellular offloading, emergency communications, or aerial base stations. Finally, we identify some open problems and future research directions on UAV placement and trajectory optimization in cellular networks. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-285c1db7b14d496d8f5a3effe01ad698 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2624-8921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vehicles |
| spelling | doaj-art-285c1db7b14d496d8f5a3effe01ad6982025-08-20T02:56:58ZengMDPI AGVehicles2624-89212024-10-01641769180010.3390/vehicles6040086Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution MethodsMohammad Javad Sobouti0Amirhossein Mohajerzadeh1Haitham Y. Adarbah2Zahra Rahimi3Hamed Ahmadi4Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, IranFaculty of Computing and Information Technology, Sohar University, Sohar 311, OmanCentre for Foundation Studies, Gulf College, Muscat 133, OmanFerdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, IranSchool of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UKUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a promising technology to enhance the performance and functionality of mobile networks. UAVs can act as flying base stations, relays, or users to provide wireless services to ground users or devices. However, the optimal placement and trajectory design of UAVs in mobile networks is a challenging problem, as it involves multiple objectives, constraints, and uncertainties. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art research on UAV placement and trajectory optimization in cellular networks. We first introduce the main objectives and challenges of UAV placement and trajectory optimization, such as maximizing coverage, throughput, energy efficiency, or reliability, while minimizing interference, delay, or cost. We also examine the primary models and assumptions employed for UAV placement and trajectory optimization, including channel models, mobility models, network architectures, and constraints. Additionally, we discuss the main methods and algorithms employed for UAV placement and trajectory optimization. These include optimization techniques, heuristic algorithms, machine learning approaches, and distributed solutions. Analytical results, numerical simulations, or experimental tests are further discussed as the main performance metrics and evaluation methods used for UAV placement and trajectory optimization. We also highlight the main applications and scenarios of UAV placement and trajectory optimization, such as cellular offloading, emergency communications, or aerial base stations. Finally, we identify some open problems and future research directions on UAV placement and trajectory optimization in cellular networks.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/6/4/86flying base stationUAV-assisted 5GUAV positioningUAV trajectory planning |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Javad Sobouti Amirhossein Mohajerzadeh Haitham Y. Adarbah Zahra Rahimi Hamed Ahmadi Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods Vehicles flying base station UAV-assisted 5G UAV positioning UAV trajectory planning |
| title | Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods |
| title_full | Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods |
| title_fullStr | Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods |
| title_short | Utilizing UAVs in Wireless Networks: Advantages, Challenges, Objectives, and Solution Methods |
| title_sort | utilizing uavs in wireless networks advantages challenges objectives and solution methods |
| topic | flying base station UAV-assisted 5G UAV positioning UAV trajectory planning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/6/4/86 |
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