Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates

Abstract Selective skeletal and peripheral editing of the pyridine moiety has broadly expanded the chemical space. While C-H functionalization at C2 and C4 positions are enabled by the inherent reactivity of this heteroarene, selective derivatization at the C3 position has long posed a significant c...

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Main Authors: Kitti Franciska Szabó, Piotr Banachowicz, Antoni Powała, Danijela Lunic, Ignacio Funes Ardoiz, Dorota Gryko
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59809-9
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author Kitti Franciska Szabó
Piotr Banachowicz
Antoni Powała
Danijela Lunic
Ignacio Funes Ardoiz
Dorota Gryko
author_facet Kitti Franciska Szabó
Piotr Banachowicz
Antoni Powała
Danijela Lunic
Ignacio Funes Ardoiz
Dorota Gryko
author_sort Kitti Franciska Szabó
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Selective skeletal and peripheral editing of the pyridine moiety has broadly expanded the chemical space. While C-H functionalization at C2 and C4 positions are enabled by the inherent reactivity of this heteroarene, selective derivatization at the C3 position has long posed a significant challenge. Recently, based on a dearomatization-rearomatization sequence, involving Zincke imine intermediates, selective halogenation (-Br, -Cl, and -I) and isotopic labelling were accomplished. Here, we report a mild and regioselective method for C3-amination that relies on the photochemical reaction of Zincke imine with an amidyl radical generated from N-aminopyridinium salts. Mechanistic and theoretical studies indicate that radical intermediates are involved and explain the C3 regioselectivity of the reaction.
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id doaj-art-2859cf054de547e4985f02bb4f36aa28
institution DOAJ
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publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-2859cf054de547e4985f02bb4f36aa282025-08-20T03:16:32ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-05-011611910.1038/s41467-025-59809-9Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediatesKitti Franciska Szabó0Piotr Banachowicz1Antoni Powała2Danijela Lunic3Ignacio Funes Ardoiz4Dorota Gryko5Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesInstitute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesInstitute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesDepartamento de Química, Instituto de Química de la Universidad de La Rioja, Universidad de La RiojaDepartamento de Química, Instituto de Química de la Universidad de La Rioja, Universidad de La RiojaInstitute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesAbstract Selective skeletal and peripheral editing of the pyridine moiety has broadly expanded the chemical space. While C-H functionalization at C2 and C4 positions are enabled by the inherent reactivity of this heteroarene, selective derivatization at the C3 position has long posed a significant challenge. Recently, based on a dearomatization-rearomatization sequence, involving Zincke imine intermediates, selective halogenation (-Br, -Cl, and -I) and isotopic labelling were accomplished. Here, we report a mild and regioselective method for C3-amination that relies on the photochemical reaction of Zincke imine with an amidyl radical generated from N-aminopyridinium salts. Mechanistic and theoretical studies indicate that radical intermediates are involved and explain the C3 regioselectivity of the reaction.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59809-9
spellingShingle Kitti Franciska Szabó
Piotr Banachowicz
Antoni Powała
Danijela Lunic
Ignacio Funes Ardoiz
Dorota Gryko
Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates
Nature Communications
title Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates
title_full Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates
title_fullStr Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates
title_full_unstemmed Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates
title_short Photochemical C3-amination of pyridines via Zincke imine intermediates
title_sort photochemical c3 amination of pyridines via zincke imine intermediates
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59809-9
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