Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior

Harbor porpoises have been well studied in locations worldwide, but relatively little research has focused on site fidelity of individuals, which influences population structure and determines appropriate management and conservation measures. This study investigated the site fidelity and behavior of...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Cindy R. Elliser, Katrina H. White, Maia C. Hansen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Oceans
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1924/6/1/9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850091351020929024
author Cindy R. Elliser
Katrina H. White
Maia C. Hansen
author_facet Cindy R. Elliser
Katrina H. White
Maia C. Hansen
author_sort Cindy R. Elliser
collection DOAJ
description Harbor porpoises have been well studied in locations worldwide, but relatively little research has focused on site fidelity of individuals, which influences population structure and determines appropriate management and conservation measures. This study investigated the site fidelity and behavior of harbor porpoises through long-term, land-based photo-identification around Fidalgo Island, Washington, USA. Individuals were consistently re-sighted for up to 11 years, including natal philopatry. There was individual variation in seasonal site fidelity, with some individuals seen year-round, though general porpoise presence in the study area and individual re-sightings were greatly reduced during summer. Females had calves yearly for up to 3 consecutive years, with females as old as at least 14 successfully producing calves. There was some evidence for mother–calf associations post-weaning, but none long-term. Behavior was affected by tide, where porpoises traveled more and foraged and socialized less during ebb tide compared to other tidal states. Mating attempts with aerial behaviors were observed 84 times and seen year-round in every month and every season. This study provides documentation of a local, resident population of harbor porpoise, and emphasizes the need for more fine-scale studies like this to ensure the appropriate management and conservation of harbor porpoise populations and/or stocks worldwide.
format Article
id doaj-art-28441ae3a098448e9bc89045b44cb8f7
institution DOAJ
issn 2673-1924
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Oceans
spelling doaj-art-28441ae3a098448e9bc89045b44cb8f72025-08-20T02:42:24ZengMDPI AGOceans2673-19242025-02-0161910.3390/oceans6010009Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and BehaviorCindy R. Elliser0Katrina H. White1Maia C. Hansen2Pacific Mammal Research, Anacortes, WA 98221, USAPacific Mammal Research, Anacortes, WA 98221, USAPacific Mammal Research, Anacortes, WA 98221, USAHarbor porpoises have been well studied in locations worldwide, but relatively little research has focused on site fidelity of individuals, which influences population structure and determines appropriate management and conservation measures. This study investigated the site fidelity and behavior of harbor porpoises through long-term, land-based photo-identification around Fidalgo Island, Washington, USA. Individuals were consistently re-sighted for up to 11 years, including natal philopatry. There was individual variation in seasonal site fidelity, with some individuals seen year-round, though general porpoise presence in the study area and individual re-sightings were greatly reduced during summer. Females had calves yearly for up to 3 consecutive years, with females as old as at least 14 successfully producing calves. There was some evidence for mother–calf associations post-weaning, but none long-term. Behavior was affected by tide, where porpoises traveled more and foraged and socialized less during ebb tide compared to other tidal states. Mating attempts with aerial behaviors were observed 84 times and seen year-round in every month and every season. This study provides documentation of a local, resident population of harbor porpoise, and emphasizes the need for more fine-scale studies like this to ensure the appropriate management and conservation of harbor porpoise populations and/or stocks worldwide.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1924/6/1/9harbor porpoisephoto-ID<i>Phocoena phocoena</i><i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerinaSalish Seasite fidelity
spellingShingle Cindy R. Elliser
Katrina H. White
Maia C. Hansen
Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior
Oceans
harbor porpoise
photo-ID
<i>Phocoena phocoena</i>
<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina
Salish Sea
site fidelity
title Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior
title_full Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior
title_fullStr Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior
title_full_unstemmed Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior
title_short Resident Harbor Porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina) in the Salish Sea: Photo-Identification Shows Long-Term Site Fidelity, Natal Philopatry, and Provides Insights into Longevity and Behavior
title_sort resident harbor porpoises i phocoena phocoena i vomerina in the salish sea photo identification shows long term site fidelity natal philopatry and provides insights into longevity and behavior
topic harbor porpoise
photo-ID
<i>Phocoena phocoena</i>
<i>Phocoena phocoena</i> vomerina
Salish Sea
site fidelity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-1924/6/1/9
work_keys_str_mv AT cindyrelliser residentharborporpoisesiphocoenaphocoenaivomerinainthesalishseaphotoidentificationshowslongtermsitefidelitynatalphilopatryandprovidesinsightsintolongevityandbehavior
AT katrinahwhite residentharborporpoisesiphocoenaphocoenaivomerinainthesalishseaphotoidentificationshowslongtermsitefidelitynatalphilopatryandprovidesinsightsintolongevityandbehavior
AT maiachansen residentharborporpoisesiphocoenaphocoenaivomerinainthesalishseaphotoidentificationshowslongtermsitefidelitynatalphilopatryandprovidesinsightsintolongevityandbehavior