The <sup>31</sup>P Spectral Modulus (PSM) as an Assay of Metabolic Status

The phosphorus-31 (<sup>31</sup>P) spectral modulus (PSM) is a measure of the metabolic status of cells, tissues, and organs. The PSM can be calculated from <sup>31</sup>P nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>31</sup>P NMR) spectra obtained from cell, tissue, or organ...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jack V. Greiner, Tamara I. Snogren, Thomas Glonek
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Biology
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/2/152
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