Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Chronic wounds severely impair patients’ quality of life (QoL), impacting physical, emotional, and functional well-being. Understanding the multidimensional effects of treatment is key to implementing effective, patient-centered care strategies. This stu...

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Main Authors: David Palomar-Albert, Jorge Zamora-Ortiz, Federico Palomar-Llatas, Marta Escudero-Martínez, Alba Naranjo-Cuellar, Maria Isabel Pastor-Orduña
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Medicina
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/5/907
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author David Palomar-Albert
Jorge Zamora-Ortiz
Federico Palomar-Llatas
Marta Escudero-Martínez
Alba Naranjo-Cuellar
Maria Isabel Pastor-Orduña
author_facet David Palomar-Albert
Jorge Zamora-Ortiz
Federico Palomar-Llatas
Marta Escudero-Martínez
Alba Naranjo-Cuellar
Maria Isabel Pastor-Orduña
author_sort David Palomar-Albert
collection DOAJ
description <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Chronic wounds severely impair patients’ quality of life (QoL), impacting physical, emotional, and functional well-being. Understanding the multidimensional effects of treatment is key to implementing effective, patient-centered care strategies. This study aimed to assess changes in QoL among patients with chronic wounds using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), comparing outcomes across treatment modalities. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A longitudinal observational study was conducted between 2019 and 2024 across three hospitals in the Valencian Community. A total of 278 patients with venous lower-limb ulcers of more than six weeks’ duration were included. Quality-of-life assessments were performed at baseline, one-month follow-up, and discharge. Treatments included alginate, foam, moist wound healing (MWH), compression therapy, and negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Statistical analysis involved Friedman’s test and repeated-measures ANOVA. <i>Results</i>: Significant improvements were observed in overall QoL across most treatment modalities. EQ-5D scores progressively increased, while DLQI scores decreased. Pain, embarrassment, and limitations in daily life (e.g., shopping and social activities) showed marked reductions. MWH and foam demonstrated the most favorable impact on QoL, while NPWT showed more modest improvements, possibly due to patient complexity. Notably, the variable “sexuality” remained unchanged (mean = 0.00), possibly due to underreporting or communication barriers. <i>Conclusions</i>: Chronic wound treatments significantly improve patients’ quality of life, particularly in terms of pain and social functioning. The use of combined tools (DLQI and EQ-5D) allows for a more comprehensive understanding of these outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring wound care to individual needs and addressing psychosocial domains, including sexuality. Community nursing, nutritional support, and long-term follow-up should be incorporated into care plans to optimize results, especially in older adults.
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spelling doaj-art-282f55673af84e8dab7c0da2239385892025-08-20T02:33:57ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-05-0161590710.3390/medicina61050907Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5DDavid Palomar-Albert0Jorge Zamora-Ortiz1Federico Palomar-Llatas2Marta Escudero-Martínez3Alba Naranjo-Cuellar4Maria Isabel Pastor-Orduña5Integrity and Skin Care, Integrity and Skin Care Research Group, Catholic University of Valencia SanVicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, SpainUlcers Unit, Valencia General Hospital Department, 46014 Valencia, SpainIntegrity and Skin Care, Integrity and Skin Care Research Group, Catholic University of Valencia SanVicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, SpainIntegrity and Skin Care, Integrity and Skin Care Research Group, Catholic University of Valencia SanVicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, SpainIntegrity and Skin Care, Integrity and Skin Care Research Group, Catholic University of Valencia SanVicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, SpainIntegrity and Skin Care, Integrity and Skin Care Research Group, Catholic University of Valencia SanVicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Chronic wounds severely impair patients’ quality of life (QoL), impacting physical, emotional, and functional well-being. Understanding the multidimensional effects of treatment is key to implementing effective, patient-centered care strategies. This study aimed to assess changes in QoL among patients with chronic wounds using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), comparing outcomes across treatment modalities. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A longitudinal observational study was conducted between 2019 and 2024 across three hospitals in the Valencian Community. A total of 278 patients with venous lower-limb ulcers of more than six weeks’ duration were included. Quality-of-life assessments were performed at baseline, one-month follow-up, and discharge. Treatments included alginate, foam, moist wound healing (MWH), compression therapy, and negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Statistical analysis involved Friedman’s test and repeated-measures ANOVA. <i>Results</i>: Significant improvements were observed in overall QoL across most treatment modalities. EQ-5D scores progressively increased, while DLQI scores decreased. Pain, embarrassment, and limitations in daily life (e.g., shopping and social activities) showed marked reductions. MWH and foam demonstrated the most favorable impact on QoL, while NPWT showed more modest improvements, possibly due to patient complexity. Notably, the variable “sexuality” remained unchanged (mean = 0.00), possibly due to underreporting or communication barriers. <i>Conclusions</i>: Chronic wound treatments significantly improve patients’ quality of life, particularly in terms of pain and social functioning. The use of combined tools (DLQI and EQ-5D) allows for a more comprehensive understanding of these outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring wound care to individual needs and addressing psychosocial domains, including sexuality. Community nursing, nutritional support, and long-term follow-up should be incorporated into care plans to optimize results, especially in older adults.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/5/907chronic woundsquality of lifeDLQIEQ-5Dlongitudinal studywound treatment
spellingShingle David Palomar-Albert
Jorge Zamora-Ortiz
Federico Palomar-Llatas
Marta Escudero-Martínez
Alba Naranjo-Cuellar
Maria Isabel Pastor-Orduña
Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D
Medicina
chronic wounds
quality of life
DLQI
EQ-5D
longitudinal study
wound treatment
title Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D
title_full Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D
title_fullStr Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D
title_full_unstemmed Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D
title_short Longitudinal Observational Study on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds Using DLQI and EQ-5D
title_sort longitudinal observational study on quality of life in patients with chronic wounds using dlqi and eq 5d
topic chronic wounds
quality of life
DLQI
EQ-5D
longitudinal study
wound treatment
url https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/5/907
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