Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway

Abstract Aldehydes are ubiquitous in star-forming regions and carbonaceous chondrites, serving as essential intermediates in metabolic pathways and molecular mass growth processes to vital biomolecules necessary for the origins of life. However, their interstellar formation mechanisms have remained...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jia Wang, Chaojiang Zhang, Joshua H. Marks, Mikhail M. Evseev, Oleg V. Kuznetsov, Ivan O. Antonov, Ralf I. Kaiser
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54562-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849221058202173440
author Jia Wang
Chaojiang Zhang
Joshua H. Marks
Mikhail M. Evseev
Oleg V. Kuznetsov
Ivan O. Antonov
Ralf I. Kaiser
author_facet Jia Wang
Chaojiang Zhang
Joshua H. Marks
Mikhail M. Evseev
Oleg V. Kuznetsov
Ivan O. Antonov
Ralf I. Kaiser
author_sort Jia Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Aldehydes are ubiquitous in star-forming regions and carbonaceous chondrites, serving as essential intermediates in metabolic pathways and molecular mass growth processes to vital biomolecules necessary for the origins of life. However, their interstellar formation mechanisms have remained largely elusive. Here, we unveil the formation of lactaldehyde (CH3CH(OH)CHO) by barrierless recombination of formyl (HĊO) and 1-hydroxyethyl (CH3ĊHOH) radicals in interstellar ice analogs composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH). Lactaldehyde and its isomers 3-hydroxypropanal (HOCH2CH2CHO), ethyl formate (CH3CH2OCHO), and 1,3-propenediol (HOCH2CHCHOH) are identified in the gas phase utilizing isomer-selective photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry and isotopic substitution studies. These findings reveal fundamental formation pathways for complex, biologically relevant aldehydes through non-equilibrium reactions in interstellar environments. Once synthesized, lactaldehyde can act as a key precursor to critical biomolecules such as sugars, sugar acids, and amino acids in deep space.
format Article
id doaj-art-2822d425c77b46b89caa7473142e8cd7
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-2822d425c77b46b89caa7473142e8cd72024-11-24T12:33:35ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-11-0115111110.1038/s41467-024-54562-xInterstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathwayJia Wang0Chaojiang Zhang1Joshua H. Marks2Mikhail M. Evseev3Oleg V. Kuznetsov4Ivan O. Antonov5Ralf I. Kaiser6W. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at ManoaW. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at ManoaW. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at ManoaSamara National Research UniversitySamara National Research UniversitySamara National Research UniversityW. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at ManoaAbstract Aldehydes are ubiquitous in star-forming regions and carbonaceous chondrites, serving as essential intermediates in metabolic pathways and molecular mass growth processes to vital biomolecules necessary for the origins of life. However, their interstellar formation mechanisms have remained largely elusive. Here, we unveil the formation of lactaldehyde (CH3CH(OH)CHO) by barrierless recombination of formyl (HĊO) and 1-hydroxyethyl (CH3ĊHOH) radicals in interstellar ice analogs composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH). Lactaldehyde and its isomers 3-hydroxypropanal (HOCH2CH2CHO), ethyl formate (CH3CH2OCHO), and 1,3-propenediol (HOCH2CHCHOH) are identified in the gas phase utilizing isomer-selective photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry and isotopic substitution studies. These findings reveal fundamental formation pathways for complex, biologically relevant aldehydes through non-equilibrium reactions in interstellar environments. Once synthesized, lactaldehyde can act as a key precursor to critical biomolecules such as sugars, sugar acids, and amino acids in deep space.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54562-x
spellingShingle Jia Wang
Chaojiang Zhang
Joshua H. Marks
Mikhail M. Evseev
Oleg V. Kuznetsov
Ivan O. Antonov
Ralf I. Kaiser
Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
Nature Communications
title Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
title_full Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
title_fullStr Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
title_full_unstemmed Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
title_short Interstellar formation of lactaldehyde, a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
title_sort interstellar formation of lactaldehyde a key intermediate in the methylglyoxal pathway
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54562-x
work_keys_str_mv AT jiawang interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway
AT chaojiangzhang interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway
AT joshuahmarks interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway
AT mikhailmevseev interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway
AT olegvkuznetsov interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway
AT ivanoantonov interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway
AT ralfikaiser interstellarformationoflactaldehydeakeyintermediateinthemethylglyoxalpathway