Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis

Crop yields and productivity are low in East Africa due to the climatic and non-climate factors that affect cereal crop yields. In contrast to the East African countries, which only produce 2 t/ha on average, industrialized nations produce an average yield of 10.77 t/ha. The large productivity gap i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yadeta Bedasa, Adeba Gemechu, Amsalu Bedemo, Bacha Gebissa, Bai Xiuguang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325002005
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850136786265702400
author Yadeta Bedasa
Adeba Gemechu
Amsalu Bedemo
Bacha Gebissa
Bai Xiuguang
author_facet Yadeta Bedasa
Adeba Gemechu
Amsalu Bedemo
Bacha Gebissa
Bai Xiuguang
author_sort Yadeta Bedasa
collection DOAJ
description Crop yields and productivity are low in East Africa due to the climatic and non-climate factors that affect cereal crop yields. In contrast to the East African countries, which only produce 2 t/ha on average, industrialized nations produce an average yield of 10.77 t/ha. The large productivity gap in East Africa is the main topic of this proposed study. East Africa's cereal yield productivity has failed because of its genetic potential. There has not been much previous study on how climate and non-climate factors affect the yield of cereal crops in East Africa using panel data. Further, this study seeks to fill a gap in existing research by employing a generalized method of moments (GMM) panel model. This study examines the impacts of climatic and non-climatic factors on cereal yield in East Africa, analyzing data from seven nations (Burundi, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Eritrea, Tanzania, and Uganda) from 1993 to 2018. The World Bank Development Indicators provided the data for cereal yield, seed, fertilizer, and carbon dioxide emissions, while the Climate Change Knowledge Portal provided the data for mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. The results of the investigation suggest that there is expected to be a continuous decline in cereal yield in East Africa due to the effects of both climatic and non-climate factors. Key findings indicate that the amount of fertilizer consumed and the amount of seed applied have positive effects. The yield of cereals increases by 0.833 kg/ha for every 1 percent increase in precipitation. Moreover, the yield of cereals is decreased by 4.354 kg/ha for every 1 percent increase in temperature. Utilizing high-temperature and drought-resistant cereal crop varieties is also advised to lessen the adverse impacts of climate change and non-climate factors. Adaptive strategies are needed in policy to alleviate the effects of climate and non-climate factors. This study has significant policy implications for the need to assist farmers in implementing new agricultural technologies, breeding stress-tolerant plants, and altering their production and farm management practices.
format Article
id doaj-art-28061ca319cc42418dc626cc79cbc084
institution OA Journals
issn 2666-1543
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
spelling doaj-art-28061ca319cc42418dc626cc79cbc0842025-08-20T02:31:01ZengElsevierJournal of Agriculture and Food Research2666-15432025-06-012110182910.1016/j.jafr.2025.101829Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysisYadeta Bedasa0Adeba Gemechu1Amsalu Bedemo2Bacha Gebissa3Bai Xiuguang4Jimma University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management, Jimma, Ethiopia; Wollega University, Department of Agricultural Economics, Shambu, Ethiopia; Corresponding author. Jimma University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management, Jimma, Ethiopia.Jimma University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management, Jimma, EthiopiaSchool of Graduate Studies, Ethiopian Civil Service University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaWollega University, Department of Agricultural Economics, Shambu, Ethiopia; Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Shaanxi, ChinaNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Shaanxi, ChinaCrop yields and productivity are low in East Africa due to the climatic and non-climate factors that affect cereal crop yields. In contrast to the East African countries, which only produce 2 t/ha on average, industrialized nations produce an average yield of 10.77 t/ha. The large productivity gap in East Africa is the main topic of this proposed study. East Africa's cereal yield productivity has failed because of its genetic potential. There has not been much previous study on how climate and non-climate factors affect the yield of cereal crops in East Africa using panel data. Further, this study seeks to fill a gap in existing research by employing a generalized method of moments (GMM) panel model. This study examines the impacts of climatic and non-climatic factors on cereal yield in East Africa, analyzing data from seven nations (Burundi, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Eritrea, Tanzania, and Uganda) from 1993 to 2018. The World Bank Development Indicators provided the data for cereal yield, seed, fertilizer, and carbon dioxide emissions, while the Climate Change Knowledge Portal provided the data for mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. The results of the investigation suggest that there is expected to be a continuous decline in cereal yield in East Africa due to the effects of both climatic and non-climate factors. Key findings indicate that the amount of fertilizer consumed and the amount of seed applied have positive effects. The yield of cereals increases by 0.833 kg/ha for every 1 percent increase in precipitation. Moreover, the yield of cereals is decreased by 4.354 kg/ha for every 1 percent increase in temperature. Utilizing high-temperature and drought-resistant cereal crop varieties is also advised to lessen the adverse impacts of climate change and non-climate factors. Adaptive strategies are needed in policy to alleviate the effects of climate and non-climate factors. This study has significant policy implications for the need to assist farmers in implementing new agricultural technologies, breeding stress-tolerant plants, and altering their production and farm management practices.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325002005Climate changeCereal yieldEast AfricaNon-climate factors
spellingShingle Yadeta Bedasa
Adeba Gemechu
Amsalu Bedemo
Bacha Gebissa
Bai Xiuguang
Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
Climate change
Cereal yield
East Africa
Non-climate factors
title Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis
title_full Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis
title_fullStr Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis
title_full_unstemmed Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis
title_short Impacts of climate and non-climate factors on cereal crop yield in East Africa: A generalized method of moments (GMM) panel data analysis
title_sort impacts of climate and non climate factors on cereal crop yield in east africa a generalized method of moments gmm panel data analysis
topic Climate change
Cereal yield
East Africa
Non-climate factors
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325002005
work_keys_str_mv AT yadetabedasa impactsofclimateandnonclimatefactorsoncerealcropyieldineastafricaageneralizedmethodofmomentsgmmpaneldataanalysis
AT adebagemechu impactsofclimateandnonclimatefactorsoncerealcropyieldineastafricaageneralizedmethodofmomentsgmmpaneldataanalysis
AT amsalubedemo impactsofclimateandnonclimatefactorsoncerealcropyieldineastafricaageneralizedmethodofmomentsgmmpaneldataanalysis
AT bachagebissa impactsofclimateandnonclimatefactorsoncerealcropyieldineastafricaageneralizedmethodofmomentsgmmpaneldataanalysis
AT baixiuguang impactsofclimateandnonclimatefactorsoncerealcropyieldineastafricaageneralizedmethodofmomentsgmmpaneldataanalysis