Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study

Marine-Lenhart Syndrome is a rare entity, described as Graves' disease with coexisting functioning thyroid nodules. It is often diagnosed on thyroid scintigraphy as a cold nodule with surrounding extranodular hyperactivity initially and postradioiodine ablation, they regain function on the foll...

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Main Authors: Kanhaiyalal Agrawal, P. Patro, Bikash Meher, Gopinath Gnanasegaran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2021-10-01
Series:World Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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Online Access:http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_130_20
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author Kanhaiyalal Agrawal
P. Patro
Bikash Meher
Gopinath Gnanasegaran
author_facet Kanhaiyalal Agrawal
P. Patro
Bikash Meher
Gopinath Gnanasegaran
author_sort Kanhaiyalal Agrawal
collection DOAJ
description Marine-Lenhart Syndrome is a rare entity, described as Graves' disease with coexisting functioning thyroid nodules. It is often diagnosed on thyroid scintigraphy as a cold nodule with surrounding extranodular hyperactivity initially and postradioiodine ablation, they regain function on the follow-up thyroid scintigraphy due to endogenous thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation. We retrospectively reviewed all thyroid scintigraphy database performed between January 2018 and March 2020 in our institute. We searched patients with Graves' disease with the following criteria to suggest Marine-Lenhart Syndrome: (a) initial thyroid scintigraphy showing features of Graves' disease with coexistent poorly functioning nodules (b) There is normalization of uptake within the nodule on thyroid scan after radioiodine ablation suggestive of endogenous TSH stimulation (this also indirectly proves nodules are TSH dependent), (c) nodule(s) is/are benign on fine-needle aspiration cytology. Four patients (1.46%) were confirmed as Marine-Lenhart Syndrome as per the criteria. Three patients were female, and one was male. The eye signs were present in two of four patients. Two patients had two hypofunctioning nodules, whereas the remaining two had a single nodule and required re-ablation with radioiodine. Marine-Lenhart Syndrome requires special attention as these patients are relatively radioiodine resistant, require higher activity for iodine-131; however, it is curable with radioiodine treatment.
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spelling doaj-art-280310c17354497d9c122a9bf8cd63eb2025-08-20T02:01:50ZengThieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.World Journal of Nuclear Medicine1450-11471607-33122021-10-01200436937310.4103/wjnm.wjnm_130_20Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective studyKanhaiyalal Agrawal0P. Patro1Bikash Meher2Gopinath Gnanasegaran3Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Free NHS Hospital Trust, London, UKDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Free NHS Hospital Trust, London, UKDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Free NHS Hospital Trust, London, UKMarine-Lenhart Syndrome is a rare entity, described as Graves' disease with coexisting functioning thyroid nodules. It is often diagnosed on thyroid scintigraphy as a cold nodule with surrounding extranodular hyperactivity initially and postradioiodine ablation, they regain function on the follow-up thyroid scintigraphy due to endogenous thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation. We retrospectively reviewed all thyroid scintigraphy database performed between January 2018 and March 2020 in our institute. We searched patients with Graves' disease with the following criteria to suggest Marine-Lenhart Syndrome: (a) initial thyroid scintigraphy showing features of Graves' disease with coexistent poorly functioning nodules (b) There is normalization of uptake within the nodule on thyroid scan after radioiodine ablation suggestive of endogenous TSH stimulation (this also indirectly proves nodules are TSH dependent), (c) nodule(s) is/are benign on fine-needle aspiration cytology. Four patients (1.46%) were confirmed as Marine-Lenhart Syndrome as per the criteria. Three patients were female, and one was male. The eye signs were present in two of four patients. Two patients had two hypofunctioning nodules, whereas the remaining two had a single nodule and required re-ablation with radioiodine. Marine-Lenhart Syndrome requires special attention as these patients are relatively radioiodine resistant, require higher activity for iodine-131; however, it is curable with radioiodine treatment.http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_130_20cold nodulesmarine-lenhart syndromenodular graves' diseasescintigraphythyroid scan
spellingShingle Kanhaiyalal Agrawal
P. Patro
Bikash Meher
Gopinath Gnanasegaran
Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study
World Journal of Nuclear Medicine
cold nodules
marine-lenhart syndrome
nodular graves' disease
scintigraphy
thyroid scan
title Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study
title_full Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study
title_fullStr Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study
title_short Prevalence of Marine-Lenhart syndrome on 99mTc-thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine: A single institutional retrospective study
title_sort prevalence of marine lenhart syndrome on 99mtc thyroid scintigraphy and response to radioiodine a single institutional retrospective study
topic cold nodules
marine-lenhart syndrome
nodular graves' disease
scintigraphy
thyroid scan
url http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_130_20
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